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Pharmacology

Chapter 34

QuestionAnswer
Hormone Characteristics -Produced in small amounts -Secreted directly into bloodstream -Travel through blood to specific receptor sites -Act to increase or decrease normal metabolic process when react with receptor site -Immediately broken down
Hormone Production -Pituitary -Ovary -Testes -Adrenal -Thyroid -Parathyroid -Pancreas
Hormone Actions: 1 -Reacts w/specific receptor site on cell membrane activation of cAMP leading to change in cell activity analyzes input from periphery and CNS causes fast reaction (insulin)
Hormone Actions: 2 -Enters cell,react w/messenger RNA enters nucleus,cause change in cell function, takes time to cause effects (estrogen, testosterone)
Hypothalamus -Master gland of neuroendocrine system -Action - Constantly monitor body homeostasis, Input from periphery and CNS, Coordinate responses by ANS, CNS, endocrine system
Releasing Hormones Produced and Secreted -GHRH:Growth hormone-releasing hormone -TRH:Thyrotropin releasing hormone -GnRH:Gonadatropic releasing hormone -CRH:Coricotropic releasing hormone -PRH:Prolactin releasing hormone
Inhibiting Factors Produced -Somatostatin: growth hormone release inhibiting factor -PIF: Prolactin inhibiting factor
Other hormones produced -ADH:Antidiuretic hormone -Oxytocin:Uterine contractions, milk letdown
Hypothalamus to pituitary network -Vascular:Carries hypothalamic releasing factors directly to anterior pituitary -Neurological: Delivers ADH and oxytocin to posterior pituitary
Pituitary Gland Lobes -Anterior -Posterior -Intermediate
Pituitary Gland Lobe: Anterior -Growth Hormone (no target organ) -Adrenocorticotropic hormone-ACTH -Follicle stimulating hormone-FSH -Lutenizing Hormone-LH -Prolactin-PRL no target organ -Thyroid stimulating hormone-TSH
Pituitary Gland Lobe: Posterior -Oxytocin -Antidiuretic hormone
Pituitary Gland Lobe: Intermediate -Endorphins -Encephalins
Negative Feedback System -Hypothalamus senses a need -Secretes releasing factor directly to ant. pituitary -Ant. Pit. secretes hormone -Stimulation of gland -Hypothalamus senses increase -Sends message to AP to stop production
Hypothalamic-Pituitary Axis 1 Hypothalamus secretes releasing factors 2 AP releases stimulating hormone 3 Hormone acts w/ specific endocrine gland 4 Release hormone/stimulate cell directly 5 Production of releasing factor shut down 6 Decrease stimulating factor & hormone releas
One of 2 ways a hormone can work in the body to enter the cell and react with... -Messenger RNA -Can react with messenger RNA to enter nucleus, causing change in cell function -Takes time to cause effects -Estrogen and Testosterone work this way to cause puberty
What hormone prepares the body for flight or fight? -ACTH -Activation of SNS causes release of ACTH and adrenocortical hormones
Created by: prettyinpink7
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