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HIV/AIDS.
immune and transmissible disorders
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| WBC (types) | Neutrophils, Macrophages, Basophils, Eosinophils, Monocyte, B-lymphocyte, T-lymphocyte |
| Types of T-lymphocytes | helper/inducer T-cells, suppressor T-cells, cytoxic/cytolytic T-cells, Natural killer cells |
| What is CD4+ | type of T-lymphocyte (cell-mediated immunity) |
| What is AIDS | late stage of symptoms that result from infection from HIV |
| What is the normal CD4+ count | 500-1600 cells/mm^3 |
| What does the HIV infection cause | profound immunosuppression |
| What is HIV | a retrovirus |
| Patho of HIV/ Action of infection on human DNA | retrovirus enzymes for the DNA synthesis apparatus use viral RNA as a pattern and make human DNA similar to viral RNA |
| What is reverse transcriptase | enzyme within retrovirus that increased the efficiency of viral replication once the retrovirus enters the human cell. |
| What does HIV do to WBC | attach, infect, destroy CD4+ lymphocytes and macrophages causing malfunction and immunosuppression. |
| Prevention of HIV | education, universal precautions |
| Modes of Transmission of HIV | Sexual, Parenteral, Perinatal, (occupation=health care) |
| Types of opportunistic infections | Protozoal, Fungal, Bacterial, Viral |
| Protozoal | Pneumocytosis carinii Pneumonia, Toxoplasmosis Encephalitis, crytosporidiosis |
| Fungal | Candida albicans, cryptococcosis, histoplasmosis |
| Bacterial | (MAC) Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex, mycobacterium tuberculosis, |
| Viral | cytomegalovirus (CMV), herpes simplex virus (HSV), varicella-zoster virus (VZV) |
| Malignancies | Kaposi's sarcoma, Maligant lymphoma |
| HIV/AIDS-related disorders | AIDS dementia complex (ADC), Wasting syndrome |
| Integumentary changes of HIV/ AIDS | rashes, lesions |
| Lab. Assessment | Decreased Lymphocyte Ct, WBC, CD4+ ct |
| Types of Antibody tests | EIA (ELISA), Western Blot |
| What is a viral culture | looks for presence of HIV (RNA or protein), measures reverse transcriptase |
| Viral Load testing | look at RNA, measures disease progression, response to treatment, low#=good |
| Quantitative RNA assays | measure |
| P24 antigen assay | core protein of HIV is R 24, measures response to drugs |
| What is the window period | time it takes for infectious antigens to convert to HIV (sero-convert), (- to +), 3 weeks to 3 months or more) up to a year) |
| Nursing Diagnoses | Risk for Infection Risk for FVD |
| Drug Therapy...classes of antiretroviral drugs | HAART, NRTI, Non-NRTI, Protease inhibitors, Fusion Inhibitors, Ribonucleotide reductase inhibitors |
Created by:
Caya Belton
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