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Drug Classifications

drug actions and side effects

QuestionAnswer
Used for the management of anxiety, can cause generalized CNS depression, acts on the CNS to produce anxiolytic effect Antianxiety exp=xanax, diazepam, ativan,
Side effects of Antianxiety dizziness, drowsiness,lethargy
Prolongs action potential and refractory period,slows sinus rate increases PR and QT intervals, suppression of arrhythmias Antiarrhythmics
Side effects of antiarrhythmics hypotention, bradycardia, dizziness, fatigue
Treatment for bradyarrhythmias, inhibits the action of acetylcholine. Anticholinergics: ex: atropine, scopolamine, benztropine
Prevention and treatment of thromboembolic disorders, prevents clot formation Anticoagulants ex: heparin, warfarin, lovenox
What drug prevents conversion of prothrombin to thrombin by its effects on factor Xa. Heparin (anticoagulant)
Depresses abnormal neuronal discharges in the CNS that may result in seizure. Anticonvulsants carbamazepine, pregabalin, clonazepam, phenobarbital
side effects of anticonvulsants such as phenobarbital, clonazepam, carbamazipine slurred speech, fatigue, behavior changes, drowsiness
Block the effects of histamine at the H1 receptor. Antihistamines
Side effects of antihistamines dry mouth, blurred vision, dry eyes, sedation, constipation
Action of an Ace inhibitor blocks the conversion of angiotension I to antiotension II works by lowering blood pressure.
side effects of ace inbibitors hypotension, cough, taste disturbance
examples of ace inhibitors benazepril, lisinopril, losinopril, quinapril, ramipril
Inhibits transport of calcium to the myocardial muscle in the heart, reduces blood pressure Calcium Channel Blockers
side effects of Calcium channel blockers peripheral edema, blurred vision, dizziness, arrhythmias
Action of a Beta Blocker decreases blood pressure and heart rate, blocks stimulation of beta 1 adrenergic receptors
Side effects of Beta Blockers fatigue, weakness, erectile dysfunction, bradycardia pulmonary edema
Examples of beta blockers carvedilol(nonselective)(coreg),atenolol (selective),metoprolol (selective)
Thiazide diuretics chlorothiazide, hydrochlorothiazide Action: inhibits sodium reabsorption in the distal tube, excretion of sodium and water.
Major side effects of most diuretics hypokalemia, (dehydration)
Action of Demadex inhibits reabsorption of sodium and chloride from the loop of henle and distal renal tubule.
Action of Lasix Loop diuretic: inhibits the reabsorption of sodium and chloride from the loop of Henle and distal renal tubule.
Side effects of Lasix dehydration, hypochloremia, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, hyponatremia, matablolic alkalosis
Action of Levaquin inhibits bacterial DNA synthesis by inhibiting DNA gyrase....mostly metabolized by the liver
Side effects of Levaquin Dizziness, HA, insomnia, diarrhea, nausea, seizures, arrhythmias
Action of the antiparkinson drugs Used to restore the natural balance of two major neurotransmitters in the CNS: acetylcholine and dopamine
classification of carbidopa/levodopa dopamine agonists
Inhibits platelet aggregation, prolong bleeding time and used to prevent MI or stroke Antiplatelet agents such as plavix Side effects include: GI Bleed, dizziness, fatigue
Blocks dopamine receptors in the brain also alter dopamine release and turnover. Antipsychotics Ex: chlorpromazine, throridazine, haloperidol, clozapine, risperidone
inhibits the action of the prostaglandins peripherally. Antipyretics Aspirin, acetaminophen, naproxen
Antiulcer prevents the transport of hydrogen ions into the gastric lumen Proton pump inhibitors: protonix
side effects of Protonix abd pain, diarrhea, headaches
amlodipine, diltiazem, flelodipine, nifedipine, verapamil are all examples of Calcium Channel Blockers
Action of laxatives lower colon pH and increases water content therefore loosening the stool
Inhibit the enzyme involved in cholesterol synthesis lipid lowering agents ex: niacin, lovastatin, cholestramine, simvastatin, gemfibrozil
Side effects of lipid lowering agents abd pain, diarrhea, epigastric pain
Created by: Jen222
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