Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
osteoporosis 1
pn 141 test 1 book: med surg nursing pg 1047
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| def of osteoporosis | "porous bones"; a bone disorder in which bone mass is lost. |
| since the bones become more fragile, what does this increase the risk for | fractures |
| who usually has it | women over the age of 60 |
| what is the cause of it | unknown |
| risk factors that cannot be changed | age, female gender, caucasian ir asian, family history, endocrine disorder |
| risk factors that can be changed | calcium deficiency, estrogen deficiency, smoking, excessive alcohol intake, sedentary lifestyle, medications |
| when is peak bone mass achieved (what age) | 35 yo |
| after the age of peak bone mass, what can bone formation not keep up with? | reabsorption and bone mass is lost |
| what are the names of the two types of osteoporosis | type 1 and type 2 |
| what is type 1 osteoporosis | it occurs in women between the ages of 51 and 75 |
| what is type 2 osteoporosis (senile) | affects both men and women over the age of 70, it develops more slowly and is associated with calcium deficiency |
| s/s of it | loss of height, progressive curvature of the spine, low back pain, and fractures |
| what causes one to lose height | as the vertabrea collapse height is lost |
| why is a dowager's hump evident | b/c s/s of dorsal kyphosis and cervical lordosis develop |
| what does the body so in order to maintain its center of gravity | the knees and hips flex and the abdomen protrude |
| what is usually the first obvious sign of it | a fracture |
| how do the fractures occur | some are spontanious, others from everyday activity (known as pathologic fractures) |
| def of pathologic fractures | fractues that occur with minimal stress or no trauma |
| what type of fractures are common | wrist, vertabrea, hip |
| what is the care of a pt with it focused on | stopping or slowing the process, relieving s/s, and preventing complications |
| what is bone density measurements used for; and who is it recommended for | it can help predict the risk for fractures; premenopausal women in their 40s |
| calcium: what should the daily amount be | 1,000-1,500 (increase the amount to 1,500 when pregnent and increase amount when over 50 yo) |
| calcium: why is it important to take | because it can slow bone loss, if taken before 30 it can increase peak bone mass and reduce the risk for osteoporosis |
| calcium: foods high in calcium | dairy (milk, yogurt, cheese), tofu, sardines, clams, oysters, canned salmon, spinach, broccoli, cauliflower, bok choy, green beans, dark molasses |
| meds: why is estrogen/hormone replacement therapy (HRT) or selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) given | to prevent or treat bone loss in postmenopausal women |
| meds: Bisphosphonates- names of these | alendronate (fosamax), risedronate (actonel) |
| meds: Bisphosphonates- what do they do | inhibit bone resorption, increasing the bone density and reducing the risk of fractures. used to prevent and treat osteoporosis |
| meds: Bisphosphonates- adminstering instructions | give with water on arising, 30 min before food or other meds, hold calcium suppliments and high calcium foods for 2 hours after admin, don't lie down until 30 min after taking drug, |
| meds: Bisphosphonates- nursing implications | report changes in renal function (BUN and Creatinine) and serum electrolytes |
| meds: Bisphosphonates- pt teaching | report heart burn, or painful swallowing, report tingling around mouth and nose, take calcium and vitemin d suppliments |
| meds: calcitonin- names | calcitonin, calcimar, maicalcin |
| meds: calcitonin- what does it do | it prevents further bone loss and increases bone mass if adequate vit D and calcium are consumed. may be used in post menopausal wm who cannot take estrogen |
| meds: calcitonin- administering | alternate nostrils daily, take in evening, warm nasal spray to room temp |
| meds: calcitonin- nursing implications | observe for possible anaphylactic reaction for 20 min, report any N/V, anorexia, mild flushing of hands or feet, and urinary frequency, |
| meds: calcitonin- pt teaching | teach injection, rhinits is common, n/v will improve with continued treatment, still consume adequate calcium and vit D |
| meds: fluoride- what does it do | stimulates bone growth by stimulating the proliferation of osteoblasts |
| meds: fluoride- administering | give with crackers orbread to reduce nausea |
| meds: fluoride- nursing implications | montior serum fluoride levels and report levels outside normal range (95-185 ng/ml) |
| meds: fluoride- normal serum flouride levels | 95-185 ng/ml |
| meds: fluoride- pt teaching | maintain adequate calcium intake |
| why are weight bearing exercises helpful | promote bone growth (walking or low impact aerobics) |
| is swimming a weight bearing exersice | no |
| what is the most common spinal change | kyphosis, fm shrinks |
| what is osteopenia | a precurser to osteoporosis |
| side effects of calcium supplements | abd. discomfort, bloating, constipation, hypercalcemia |
| why does calcium med have to be taken seperately with synthroid | b/c synthroid won't be absorbed |
| med: evista (raloxifene): use | osteoporosis preventive tx |
| med: evista (raloxifene): side effects | hot flashes, flulike s/s, arthralgia, rhinitis, increased cough, risk for DVT |
Created by:
jmkettel
Popular Nursing sets