Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
VN140 Neuro Pharm
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| ANTIMIGRAINE AGENTS | block nerve impulses at receptors of the sympathetic nervous system. It relieves pain by narrowing/constricting dialted cerebral arteries |
| ANTIMIGRAINE AGENTS - adverse reaction | heart murmur, brief tachycardia, confusion, depression, dizziness, drowsiness, fixed miosis of the pupil of the eye, paresthesias in the toes, weakness, nausea and vomiting |
| ANTIMIGRAINE AGENTS - drug interaction | the 5-HT agonists may not be used within 24 hrs of taking an ergotamine-containing preparation and may not be used at the same time with MAO inhibitor therapy (given for depression) |
| ANTIMIGRAINE AGENTS - drugs | sumatriptan succinate (Imitrex) or DHE 45 or Migranal |
| ANTIMIGRAINE AGENTS - drugs -Imitrex | do not give to pt with schemic heart disease due to constricted heart |
| ANTIMIGRAINE AGENTS - drugs -Migranal | can be given to pregnant women. Does not have oxytoxic effect than other antimigraine drugs |
| ANTIMIGRAINE AGENTS - Nursing interventions | histor of headaches, family history of vascular headaches or history of motion sickess as a child, series of headaches in clusters, hypertension, food allergy, HERBAL PRODUCTS or vitamins, NSAIDs |
| ANTIMIGRAINE AGENTS - Family teaching | contact physician immediately if numbness on cold extremeties or pain in the legs occur. May produce stomach upset. Should lie die immediately in a quite, dark room. |
| ANTICONVULSANTS/ANTIEPILEPTIC DRUGS | drugs to control seizures through depression or slowing of abnormal electrical discharges in the CNS |
| seizures | sudden muscle contractions that happen without conscious control. |
| ANTICONVULSANTS/ANTIEPILEPTIC DRUGS -4 classes | barbiturates, benzodiazepines, hydantoins, succinimides |
| ANTICONVULSANTS/ANTIEPILEPTIC DRUGS - BARBITURATES | have long duration action, are the primary category of prescription anticonvulsants and are used for their sedative effect on the brain. Action occurs in the brainstem. |
| ANTICONVULSANTS/ANTIEPILEPTIC DRUGS - BARBITURATES -uses | status epilepticus, prevent and control grand mal seizures. May treat seizures caused by tetanus, fevers or drugs |
| ANTICONVULSANTS/ANTIEPILEPTIC DRUGS - BARBITURATES -drug | Phenobarbital |
| ANTICONVULSANTS/ANTIEPILEPTIC DRUGS - BARBITURATES -adverse reaction | dizziness, drowsiness, hangover, headache, lethargy, pardoxical restlessness or excitement, unsteadiness, photosensitivity |
| ANTICONVULSANTS/ANTIEPILEPTIC DRUGS - BARBITURATES -adverse reaction (overdosage) | exaggerated CNS depression, slow, shallow respiratory, miosis, tachycardia, arefelxia, shock or coma |
| ANTICONVULSANTS/ANTIEPILEPTIC DRUGS - BARBITURATES -drug interraction | may be significant additive effects if used along with alcohol, antihistamines, benzodiazpines, methotrimeprazine, narcotics, and tranquilizers |
| ANTICONVULSANTS/ANTIEPILEPTIC DRUGS - BENZODIAZEPINES | CNS depressants; supress electrical discharge in seizures |
| ANTICONVULSANTS/ANTIEPILEPTIC DRUGS - BENZODIAZEPINES - uses | treat minor seizures, Lennox-Gestault syndrome (petit mal) |
| ANTICONVULSANTS/ANTIEPILEPTIC DRUGS - BENZODIAZEPINES - adverse reaction | hypotension, shortness of breath, difficulty focusing or blurred vision, confusion |
| ANTICONVULSANTS/ANTIEPILEPTIC DRUGS - BENZODIAZEPINES - adverse reaction (overdosage) | may produce marked drowsiness, weakness, impairement of stance and gait, confusion and coma |
| ANTICONVULSANTS/ANTIEPILEPTIC DRUGS - BENZODIAZEPINES - drug interaction | alcohol, other sedatives and hypnotics, antidepressants, anticonvolsants and narcotics |
| ANTICONVULSANTS/ANTIEPILEPTIC DRUGS - BENZODIAZEPINES - drug | valium (drug of choice for status epilepticus) and klonopin (myoclonic seizure) |
| ANTICONVULSANTS/ANTIEPILEPTIC DRUGS - HYDANTOINS | work primarily on the motor cortex, where they stop the spread of seizure activity by increasing or decreasing NA+ ion movement across the motor cortex during the generation of nerve impulses |
| ANTICONVULSANTS/ANTIEPILEPTIC DRUGS - HYDANTOINS -uses | grand mal and psychomotor seizures, status epilepticus, migraines and trigeminal neuralgia |
| ANTICONVULSANTS/ANTIEPILEPTIC DRUGS - HYDANTOINS -adverse reaction | NYSTAGMUS (rhythmic movement of the eyes |
| ANTICONVULSANTS/ANTIEPILEPTIC DRUGS - HYDANTOINS - kids implications | give kids higher dosage due to higher metabolism |
| ANTICONVULSANTS/ANTIEPILEPTIC DRUGS - HYDANTOINS - nursing implications | ask doctor to monitor every 6 months for therapeutic effects; ORAL HYGIENE |
| ANTICONVULSANTS/ANTIEPILEPTIC DRUGS - HYDANTOINS - drug | dilantin (dosage 300 - 400 mg/day) |
| ANTICONVULSANTS/ANTIEPILEPTIC DRUGS - SUCCINIMIDES | elevation of the seizure threshold n the cortex and basal ganglia and reduced synpatic response to low-frequency repetitive stimulation; controls petit mal seizures |
| ANTICONVULSANTS/ANTIEPILEPTIC DRUGS - SUCCINIMIDES -drug | ZARONTIN |
| ANTICONVULSANTS/ANTIEPILEPTIC DRUGS - SUCCINIMIDES-drug interaction | if used with other anticonvulsants, then can result in increased sex drive or increased frequency of grand mal seizures. It can also bone marrow depressing drug |
| ANTIEMETIC-ANTIVERTIGO AGENTS | factors that may provoke nausea and vomiting: some drugs, metabolic disorders, radiation, motion, gastric irritation, vestibular neuritis, or increases in central trigger zone dopamine levels or vomiting center acetylcholine levels |
| ANTIEMETIC-ANTIVERTIGO AGENTS | agents act to redirect stimulation by stopping or reducing stimulation of the vomiting center |
| ANTIEMETIC-ANTIVERTIGO AGENTS-uses | prevent and treat motion sickness or the nausea and vomiting that occur with surgery, anesthesia, and cancer treatment. SHOULD BE GIVEN 30 TO 60 MINS prior to travel |
| ANTIEMETIC-ANTIVERTIGO AGENTS-adverse reaction | drowsiness is most common and drug tolerance with long term therapy. It has anticholigernic effects |
| ANTIEMETIC-ANTIVERTIGO AGENTS-nursing implicaiton | avoid alcohol and keep hydrated |
| ANTIEMETIC-ANTIVERTIGO AGENTS-drugs | Compazine, Dramamine, Benadryl, antivert |
| ANTIPARKINSONIAN AGENTS | also called paralysis agitans. Change in neurotransmitters produced in the brain; excessive acetylcholine, deficient dopamine. It blocks the uptake of acetylcholine and elevate the functional levels of dopamine in the motor regulator centers |
| tardive dyskinesia | difficulty in performing voluntary movements |
| ANTIPARKINSONIAN AGENTS-adverse reactions | may produce dysrhythmias. Anticholigernic agents may cause postural hypotension. Early signs of toxicity in pt include muscle twitching and blepharospasm (eyelid spasm) |
| ANTIPARKINSONIAN AGENTS-drugs (anticholigernic) | Cogentin, Benadryl |
| ANTIPARKINSONIAN AGENTS-drugs (Dopaminergic) | amantedine (Symmetrel) and carbidopa-levodopa (Sinemet) |
| ANTIPARKINSONIAN AGENTS-adverse reactions | long term use may lead to akinesia(loss of movement), tardive dyskinesia and dystonia (impairment of muscle tone) |
| ANTIPARKINSONIAN AGENTS-Pt teaching | clinical improvements may take up to 2 to 3 wks. Should be taken after meals to avoid stomach upset, should be taking vitamin prep with vit B. should avoid overexertion during hot weather |
| PSYCHOTHERAPEUTIC AGENTS | antianxiety meds, antidepressants, antipsychotic, antimanic and sedation-hypnotic meds |
| PSYCHOTHERAPEUTIC AGENTS -ANTIANXIETY AGENTS | anxiety is common. It is problematic when it interferes with a person's abilit to perform activities of daily living |
| PSYCHOTHERAPEUTIC AGENTS -ANTIANXIETY AGENTS -action | produce a calming effect. BENZODIAZEPINES depress the CNS |
| PSYCHOTHERAPEUTIC AGENTS -ANTIANXIETY AGENTS -uses | relieve anxiety, tension and fear. May be used to manage alcohol withdrawal symptoms; used preoperatively; used to relieve muscle spasm |
| PSYCHOTHERAPEUTIC AGENTS -ANTIANXIETY AGENTS - herbal | chamomile, kava kava, st john's wort and valerian |
| PSYCHOTHERAPEUTIC AGENTS -ANTIANXIETY AGENTS -overdosage | may produce sleepiness, confusion, coma, dimished reflexes and hypotension |
| PSYCHOTHERAPEUTIC AGENTS -ANTIANXIETY AGENTS -drug interaction | may increase either agent's effect: alcohol, anesthetics, MAO inhibitors or CNS depressants. Caffeineted products and excessive cigarrette smoking can antagonize the anxiolytic effect of these drugs. |
| PSYCHOTHERAPEUTIC AGENTS -ANTIANXIETY AGENTS -drugs | xanax, valium, ativan, serax, |
| PSYCHOTHERAPEUTIC AGENTS -ANTIDEPRESSANTS | Tricyclics, MAOIs, SSRIs, Misc |
| PSYCHOTHERAPEUTIC AGENTS -ANTIDEPRESSANTS -TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANTS | believe to inhibit the reuptake of norepinephrine and or serotonin. To treat endogenous (chemical) depression; mild depression due to exogenous (outside) causes |
| PSYCHOTHERAPEUTIC AGENTS -ANTIDEPRESSANTS -TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANTS-nursing implicaiton | desired effect of the drug will usually occur within 1 to 4 wks after therapy is initiated. Usually stopped several days before pt has any surgery that requires anesthesia |
| PSYCHOTHERAPEUTIC AGENTS -ANTIDEPRESSANTS -MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS (MAOI) | naturally occuring enzyme found in the mitochondria of cells; located in nerve endings, kidneys, liver and intestines; normally acts as catalyst to inactivate dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine, and seratonin. |
| PSYCHOTHERAPEUTIC AGENTS -ANTIDEPRESSANTS -MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS (MAOI) | it blocks the inactivation of these bigenic amines, resulting in increased concentrations at neuronal synapses and antidepressant effects. |
| PSYCHOTHERAPEUTIC AGENTS -ANTIDEPRESSANTS -MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS (MAOI) -nursing implication | avoid grapefruit. Sudden or severe hypertension if taken with certain foods or bev. Ie chees, yogurt, sour cream, raisin, banana, avocado, etc |
| PSYCHOTHERAPEUTIC AGENTS -ANTIDEPRESSANTS -SELECTIVE SERATONIN REUPTAKE INHIBITORS | act by inhibiting CNS neuronal uptake of serotonin, used short term for treatment of outpatients w diagnosis listed as a category of major depressive disorders in the DSM-IV |
| PSYCHOTHERAPEUTIC AGENTS -ANTIDEPRESSANTS -SELECTIVE SERATONIN REUPTAKE INHIBITORS | used for long term for dysthymic and minor depressive disorders |
| PSYCHOTHERAPEUTIC AGENTS -ANTIDEPRESSANTS -SELECTIVE SERATONIN REUPTAKE INHIBITORS -drug interactin | fluoxetine increases the half life of some drugs and may displace drugs bound to protein, such as warfarin and digitoxin or be displaced by them |
| PSYCHOTHERAPEUTIC AGENTS -ANTIDEPRESSANTS -SELECTIVE SERATONIN REUPTAKE INHIBITORS -drugs -Tetracyclic compounds | mirtazapine (Remeron) and trazodone (Desyrel) |
| PSYCHOTHERAPEUTIC AGENTS -ANTIDEPRESSANTS -SELECTIVE SERATONIN REUPTAKE INHIBITORS -drugs -Unrelated | Welbutrin |
| ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUGS | all antipsychotic agents act by blocking the action of dopamine in the brain. Used in the treatment of severe mental illness. May be used in combination w major tranquilizers |
| ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUGS -PHENOTHIAZINES AND THIOXANTHENES | block dopamine at the postsynaptic receptor to increase the metabolism of dopamine, reduce sensory stimulation and produce a sedating effect. Act as intiemetic by inhibiting action in the chemoreceptor center |
| ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUGS -PHENOTHIAZINES AND THIOXANTHENES | reducing and relieving acute and chronic pschosis of schzophrenia, schizoaffective disorders, and involutional psychosis |
| ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUGS -NONPHENOTHIAZINES | mechanism of action for these products is often not precisely understood when used to treat psychotic patients |
| ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUGS -ANTIMANICS | exact mechanism of lithium's action is unknown; alters sodium transport at nerve endings and enhances uptake of seratonin and norepinephrine by the cells (inactivates neurotransmiters) |
| ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUGS -ANTIMANICS | mood stabilizing drug; used to treat pts with bipolar disorder who are in acute manic phase; prevents recurrent manic episodes |
| ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUGS -ANTIMANICS -drug interraction | use of lithium together with diuretics can lead to lithium toxicity |
| ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUGS -ANTIMANICS -nursing implication | make sure pt is hydrated, must be monitored on a regular basis. Blood should be drawn 12 hrs after does. The therapeutic serum lithium level is 1 to 1.5 mEq/L |
| ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUGS -SEDATIVE HYPNOTIC MEDICATIONS | used to relax pts and induce sleep before medical testing and surgical procedures; used to treat insomnia caused by mental and physical stres |
| sedative agent | relaxes the pt and allows him or her to sleep |
| hypnotic agent | produces sleep in the pt |
Created by:
jekjes
Popular Nursing sets