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HIV

QuestionAnswer
Human Immunodeficiency Virus retrovirus that causes immunosuppression making a person more susceptible to infection depletes helper T cells, CD4 cells, and macrophages
transmission of HIV can be spread through contact with certain body fluids blood, semen, vaginal secretions and breast milk
Patho of HIV ribonucleic acid virus that replicates backward going from RNA to DNA CD4 + T cells are target for HIV immune problems start when CD4 + T cell count drops to < 500 cells
normal range of CD4 + T cells 800-1200
acute clinical manifestations of HIV 2-4 weeks after infection, highly infectious flu-like symptoms- fever, swollen lymph nodes, sore throat, headache, malaise CD4 count will drop temporarily but quickly returns to baseline
neurological complications of HIV aseptic meningitis, peripheral neuropathy, facial palsy, Guillian-Barre Syndrome
symptomatic infection - closer to 200 cells persistent fever, frequent night sweats, chronic diarrhea, persistent vaginal candidal infection, herpes, thrush, severe fatigue, shingles
AIDS immune system severely compromised infection, opportunistic diseases, malignancies, wasting, cognitive changes
diagnostics for HIV detection of HIV antibodies / antigens in blood or saliva progression monitored via CD4 T cell count (decreases) and viral load (increases)
goals of HIV therapy decrease viral load, maintain CD4 + T counts, prevent HIV related symptoms and opportunistic infections, delay disease progression, prevent HIV transmission
antiretroviral therapy significantly slows progression but resistance develops rapidly if taken alone so 3 or more should be used
drug interactions with HIV medications herbal remedies, OTC (st john wart, antacids and PPIs)
pre-exposure anaphylaxis comprehensive strategy to reduce risk of sexually-acquired infections in adults who are high risk used in conjunction with condoms and regular testing EX- Tenofovir and Entricitabine (Truvada)
nursing management of HIV compliance with drug regimen, adopt healthy lifestyle, risk assessments, presentation of symptoms and early detection
Created by: ebrewer12
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