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322 Exam 3

322 Antibiotics

TermDefinition
glycopeptide side effect red man's syndrome, ototoxicity
glycopeptide monitor renal function, peak and trough
sulfonamide inhibits folic acid synthesis
sulfanomaide avoided during pregnancy to avoid congential malformations and neural tube defects
fluoroquinolone action gram positive and gram negative
bacteriostatic does not cause cell death, happens with low dose antibiotics
bactericidal directly lethal, higher dose antibiotics
amino glycoside serum levels monitored because of narrow therapeutic index; peak 1 hour after completed dose, trough 30 minutes prior to administration
penicillin inhibits enzyme necessary for bacterial wall synthesis; lethal to bacteria undergoing active growth and division
penicillin life threatening side effects anaphylaxis, angioedema, hemolytic anemia, steven johnson syndrome, hepatic damage
penicillin allergy treatment IV epinephrine, steroids and antihistamine' also fluids and respiratory support
penicillin interventions assess for bleeding with high doses, monitor temperature
glycopeptide inhibits cell wall synthesis, only for gram positive - MRSA, C diff
black box fluroquinolone tendonitis
fluoroquinolone teaching monitor output and for crystalluria, wear sunglasses and sunblock
nitromidazole metronidazole, lethal to anaerobic organisms only (GI tract)
nitromidazole side effects dry mouth, metallic taste, headache and seizures, prolonged QT interval
nitromidazole interventions do not drink alcohol while taking this and for 3 days after; notify if pregnant or plan on it
tetracycline broad spectrum, used for acne
tetracycline side effects discoloration or teeth, tongue and nails (permanent for children under 8), contraindicated in pregnancy
tetracycline administration give with full glass of water on an empty stomach; 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals; avoid excessive sunlight
tetracycline effectiveness reduced by dairy, antacids, iron products; makes oral contraceptive less effective
aminoglycoside divided doses to ensure 24 hour coverage
amino glycoside side effects ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity
sulfonamides increase levels warfarin, phenytoin, sulfonylureas
Created by: ahommel
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