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Stack #38866

RRC Maintenance hypertension

QuestionAnswer
Calcium channel blockers arteriolar vasodilator, decreases contractile force which decreases HR
Diuretics reduces blood volume and promotes vasodilation
Loop diuretic Lasix (furosemide)
Potassium-sparing diuretic Spironolactone
Thiazide diuretic hydrochlorothiazide
Angiotensin II receptor blockers decreases release of aldosterone which can thereby increase the renal secretion of Na+ and H2O and vasodilation
ACE inhibitors vasodilator and reduces blood volume by excretion of Na+ and H2O through kidneys
Beta-blockers reduces force of contraction and slow HR through suppression of conduction at the SA node
BP lifestyle changes diet modifications (DASH diet) and exercise and weight management program
Teaching re: HTN therapy not cure - used to keep BP under control; explain complications (potential dangers) of uncontrolled HTN, side effects of medications (orthostatic hypotension)
Why is hypertension referred to as the "silent killer"? because it is frequently asymptomatic
Symptoms of severe hypertension fatigue, activity intolerance, heart palpitations, angina, dyspnea, dizziness, blurred vision and headache
BP = CO x SVR
CO = SV x HR
What are contributing factors to blood pressure control? autonomic nervous system responses, capillary shift mechanism, hormonal responses, kidney and fluid balance mechanisms and vascular endothelium
Target BP for diabetes <130/80
Target BP for renal disease <130/80
target BP for diastolic and systolic HTN <140/90
Target BP for proteinuria >1g/day <125/75
Non-modifiable predisposing factors for HTN age, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, gender, family hx, ethnicity (African or Native descent), SES status
Modifiable risk factors for HTN ETOH, smoking, excessive dietary sodium, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, stress level
complications of HTN CVA, CAD, left ventricular hypertrophy, heart failue, PVD, nephropathy, retinopathy
Created by: bella83
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