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Human Body
Human body
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Anterior | Front, in front of the body |
Posterior | Back, in back of the body |
Superior | Towards the head (upper above) |
Inferior | Towards the feet (lower Below) |
Medial | Towards the midline |
Lateral | Away from midline |
Proximal | Towards the trunk ( nearest the trunk |
Distal | Away from the trunk |
Superficial | Near body's surface |
Deep | Farther away from body's surface |
Acidosis (acids) | Substance that shifts in favor of hydrogen (+) |
Alkalosis (bases) | Substance that shifts against hydrogen (+) |
Buffers | Chemical systems that absorb acids and bases |
Triglycerides | Glycerol unit and joined three fatty acids |
Steroids | Group of lipids |
Proteins | Large molecule made up of amino acids |
Cytoplasm | Internal living material of cell |
Plasma Membrane | Forms outer boundary of cell |
Interstital Fluid | Fluid found in spaces around cell |
Organells | Specialized structures within cytoplasm |
Diffusion | Substances scatter themselves evenly |
Osmosis | Diffusion across a selectively permeable membrane |
Filtration | Movement of water and solutes caused by hydrostatic pressure on one side of membrane |
Epithelial Tissue | Covers the body and lines body cavities |
Simple Squamous Epithelium | single layer of scalelike cells (used for transportation) |
Stratified Squamous Epithelium | Several layers of closely packed cells (used for protection) |
Simple Cuboidal Epithelium | Specialized for secretory activity, may be grouped by glands |
Simple Columnar Epithelium | Columnar cells arranged in single layer (line stomach and intestine) |
Stratified Transitional Epithelium | Up to 10 layers of roughly cuboidal cells that distort to squamous (found in urinary bladder) |
Pseudostratified Epithelium | Each cell touches the basement membrane (found in trachea) |
Connective Tissue | Most abundant tissue in body |
Areolar (CT) | Glue that hold organs together |
Adipose (CT) | Lipid storage is primary function |
Fibrous (CT) | Bundles of strong collagen fibers (tendons) |
Bone (CT) | Matrix is calcified (support and protection) |
Cartilage (CT) | Matrix is consistency of gristlelike gel |
Blood (CT) | Matrix is fluid (transportation and protection) |
Skeletal Muscle Tissue | Attaches to bones |
Cardiac Muscle Tissue | Composes heart wall cannot control contractions |
Smooth Muscle Tissue | No cross striations, found in blood vessels and other tube-shaped organs |
Nervous Tissue | Conduction cells, rapid communication between body structures and control of body functions |