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CH 16 Cardiovascular
CH 16 Cardiovascula
Question | Answer |
---|---|
functions of the heart | center of the circulatory system. Pumps blood through vessels for nutrition and oxygenation |
heart has two pumps | forces blood into lungs and the other pushes blood to the rest of the body |
where is the heart located? | in the thoracic cavity between the lungs called MEDIASTINUM |
the thich middle layer of the heart and the thickest of all layers. It is composed of cardia muscle tissue | myocardium |
the outermost layer of the heart; it is slinglike | pericardium |
the thin outermost layer of the heart; it continous at the apex of the heart with the inner lining of the pericardium | epicardium |
heart's innermost layer. It is a thin layer composed of simple squamous epithelium over a layer of connective tissue | endocardium |
describe the circulation pathways | 1) arteries 2) arterioles 3) capillaries 4) venules 5) veins |
describe the electrical activity of the heart | 1) (SA) sinoatrial node 2) (ACF) atrial conducting fibers 3) (AV node) atrioventricular node 4) ( BOH) Bundle of His 5) (BB) bundle branches 6) (PF) purkinge fibers |
receives unoxygenated \blood from the superior vena cava and inferior vena cava. | RA right atrium |
receives unoxygenated blood from the right atrium and pumped out to the lungs through the pulmonary artery | RV right ventricle |
the thin walled chamber that receives fresh oxygenated blood from the lungs through the four pulmonary veins | LA left atrium |
receives oxygenated blood from the left atrium and the thickest of all chambers because it has to send blood to the entire body | LV left ventricle |
what are the four heart valves | TV, BV, RSV and LSV;tricuspid valve, bicuspid or mitral valve, right semilunar valve and left semilunar valve |
located between the right ventricle and pulmonary artery | right semilunar valve |
located between the left ventricle and aorta | left semilunar valve |
what supplies blood to the myocardium | coronary artery |
contraction of the heart muscle | systole |
relaxation of the heart muscle | diastole |
occurs if valves do not close properly | murmur |
it shows the electrical activity of the heart | EKG or electrocardiogram |
located in the upper posterior wall of the right atrium; it is the pacemaker of the heart; where the electrical signal originates | Sinoatrial node (SA) |
electrical signal | cardia impulse |
located in the right and left atrium; transmit the cardiac impulse | atrial conducting fibers |
receives the cardiac impulse from the SA node; located at the floor of the right atrium near the interatrial septum; it slows the cardiac impulse down and moves it into the Bundel of His | Atrioventricular Node (AV Node) |
special conduction tissue located in the interventricular septum; it receives the SLOWED cardiac impulse from the AV node and transmits the impulse | Bundle of HIS |
branches extend into the Purkinge transmitting the cardiac impulse | Bundle branches |
long fibers that extend into the ventricular myocardium; transmit cardiac impulse rapidly through the RV and LV to ensure a strong, simultaneous ventricular contraction | Purkinge Fibers |
number of times the heart beats per minute | heart rate |
controls the accelerator center and the inhibitory center via the autonomic nervous system | medula oblangata |
amount of blood by a ventricle in 1 minute | cardiac output |
the amount of blood pumped by a ventricle per beat; | stroke volume |
average Stroke Volume is | 60 to 80 ml per beat |
subdivision of Systemic Circulation in which the blood from the abdominal digestive organs and spleen circulates through the liver before returning to the heart | hepatic circulation |
what are the functions of purkinge fibers | it transmit electrical signals throughout the ventricles |
noise closing of the heart valve ; myocardial contraction | lub dupp |
what opens when pressure on the right ventricles exceeds the pressure with in the pulmonary artery | pulmonary valve |
it contains a series of actin, myosin and inercalated disc that connects all muscle cells with in | myorcardium |