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MS III-HTN
Chapter 37 Stem
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A patient inquires if his B/P is normal. The nurse responds that normal blood pressure is defined as less than: | 120/80 |
| A black man who is obese and smokes would have a HTN staging of: | Risk Group B |
| The nurse explains that HTN in older adults: | Decreased elasticity of arteries, decreased cardiac output, increased peripheral vascular resistance, increased systolic B/P, pulse pressure widens. Common but not normal sign of aging. Improves w/treatment |
| When teaching a 48-year old patient about the risk factors for HTN, the nurse would identify a modifiable risk factor as: | Weight (fat intake), lifestyle (alcohol and smoking), exercise level, restrict sodium/caffeine |
| The nurse questions the patient with hypertension about the symptoms of headache because hypertension headaches characteristically occur as: | Occipital headaches, which are more severe on arising |
| A patient has hypertension and reports no symptoms. To encourage medication compliance, the nurse cautions the patient that uncontrolled hypertension can lead to sudden alterations in health, such as: | Heart attack, heart failure, stroke, kidney disease, and blindness |
| The nurse explains that treatment of secondary hypertension primarily focuses on | Treatment of the underlying disease, drug therapy |
| The nurse reminds a patient that to be diagnosed with hypertension, the blood pressure is evaluated to confirm consistent blood pressure readings over | 140/90 |
| A patient is taking hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) for hypertension. Dietary teaching would include increasing intake of | Foods high in Potassium (bananas, orange juice), green/leafy vegetables. Potassium supplement if needed |
| A 38-year-old black obese diabetic patient is being evaluated for the use of propranolol (Inderal) in controlling his hypertension. The nurse points out that a contraindication for that drug’s use in this patient would be his | Diabetes, race, and obesity. Inderal can cause hypoglycemia. Diuretics are more effective in African Americans |
| An 89-year-old patient is taking an antihypertensive medication. Home care teaching by the nurse would include instructing the patient to:` | Can cause orthostatic hypotension, so dangle feet before ambulating, avoid prolonged standing, and avoid hot showers/baths. Do not d/c abruptly, exercise legs. If sedation occurs, take at bedtime |
| The nurse should instruct the patient who is started on verapamil (Calan) for his elevated blood pressure to monitor his | Pulse, feets/legs for edema (elevate to reduce). Side effects: H/A, bradycardia, flushing, dizziness |
| A patient is prescribed an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, enalapril (Vasotec). The nurse instructs the patient to | Report changes in urine output, blood dyscrasias |
| An 87-year-old patient is taking furosemide (Lasix) for elevated blood pressure. The nurse knows that older patients are at risk for: | Hypokalemia. Monitor for signs of hypokalemia (confusion, irritability, muscle weakness, dysrhythmias, and anorexia) |
| A patient on diuretic therapy for his hypertension reports experiencing muscle weakness. The nurse explains that this symptom is related to: | Lack of Potassium (Hypokalemia) |
| A patient being evaluated for the cause of hypertension has a lipid value of HDL, 68 mg/dL, and LDL, 82 mg/dL. The nurse assesses this finding as: | Within normal range |
| The nurse points out the DASH diet has the advantages of: | Lowering and preventing HTN. Beneficial for the whole family |
| The nurse cautions that beta-blocking adrenergic agents work by: | Reduces blood pressure by blocking the beta effects of catecholamines. Decrease cardiac stimulation |
| The nurse reminds a patient that bradycardia is a side effect of: | Beta Blockers, calcium channel blockers |
| In a teaching plan for a hypertensive patient, the nurse would include: | Keep under control, switch to diet low in saturated fat and sodium, stay active and exercise, stop smoking, use relaxation techniques, keep appointments and maintain follow up care |
| When a patient reports drowsiness from his antihypertensive medications, the nurse would include a nursing intervention instructing the patient to: | Give at bedtime, or lie down afterwards |
| A patient who has been taking methyldopa (Aldomet) for his hypertension presents to the emergency department with a severe headache, blurred vision, and a blood pressure of 200/94 mm Hg. The nurse would suspect: | Not taking med, rebound HTN |
| Malignant hypertension is most commonly seen in: | African American men ages 30-40 |
| The patient with hypertension comes to the ER and is experiencing nausea and vomiting and is restless and confused. His vital signs are BP 220/130, P 120, R 24. Based on these assessments, the nurse would conclude that the patient is experiencing: | Hypertensive crisis, not taking meds? |
| The nurse caring for a patient with hypertensive crisis will place priority on: | Reduce the pressure to non-life threatening range |
| The nurse outlines the advantages of the diuretic hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) as (select all that apply): | Decrease the absorption of sodium and water, Reduce blood volume, which reduces vasoconstiction. It is consistent B/P control. *Potassium sparing |
| The nurse encourages the patient with essential hypertension that a first-line therapeutic approach to lower blood pressure is (select all that apply): | Lifestyle modifications, diet, exercise, no smoking, avoid caffeine/sodium, isotonic exercises, biofeedback, avoid alcohol |
Created by:
Tarian1023
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