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M/S RENAL GI
STUDY GUIDE FOR M/S Nursing RENAL GI
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Dumping Syndrome | Complication of Gastric Bypass surgery, rapid gastric emptying of hypertonic food solutions |
| Symptoms of Dumping Syndrome | Dizziness, Diaphoresis, Diarrhea, Palpitations |
| Nursing Management of Dumping Syndrome | 1. Avoid fluids in chilled solutions2. Small frequent feedings 6-divided feedings3. Diet: decrease intake of Carbohydrates, Moderate Fats4. Lie flat on bed 15-30 minutes after each feeding |
| Causes of UTI | Microbial invasion-E.ColiObstructionUrinary retentionSexual Intercourse |
| Symptoms of UTI | Dysuria-painiful urination, Hematuria (blood in urine) Fever, chills, anorexia, general body malaise, Pain-Flank area, Urinary frequency and urgency |
| Urinalysis & Urine Culture | Urine culture & sensitivity (+) to E.Coli, Breakdown of WBC, |
| Treatment of UTI | Force Fluids-2000ml, Monitor and assess for gross hematuria, Systemic antibiotic administration- Bactirim DS , Warm sitz bath to promote comfort, Drink Cranberry, Vit C-OJ to acidfy urine and prevent bacterial multiplication0, |
| UTI Prevention | Importance of Hydration, Void before and after sex, Female: cleans from front to back after bathroom, avoids bubble baths, powder and perfume in genital area |
| Pyelonephritis | Complication of UTI, urine backs up into kidney, can get septic in blood. Infection of kidney- can be acute/chronic inflammation fo 1 or 2 renal pelvis of kidneys leading to tubular destruction, interstitial abscess formation |
| Signs and Symptoms of Pyelonephritis | Costovertibral angle pain, tendernessFever, Anorexia, General Body malaise, Urinary frequency, urgency, Nocturia, dsyuria, hematuria, burning on urination |
| Chronic Pyelonephritis-Signs & Symptoms | Fatigue, weight loss, Polyuuria, Polydypsia, Hypertension |
| Chronic Pyleonephritis Diagnosis | Urine C&S: (+) E. Coli and StreptococcusUrinalysis; Increased WBC, protein and pus cellsCystoscopic exam: urinary obstruction |
| "What are the symptoms of pyelonephritis (Kidney infection)?" | • Flank pain or back pain• Severe abdominal pain (occurs occasionally) Fever • Urination, painful Urinary frequency/urgency, increased • Cloudy or abnormal urine color• Need to urinate at night (nocturia) • Foul or strong urine odor,Mental changes or c |
| Urethritis | inflammation of the urethra, caused by a bacterial or viral infection, causes in men usually sexually transmitted, causes LUTS. |
| Urethral Diverticula | a condition in which a variably sized "pocket" or outpouching forms next to the urethra. Because it most often connects to the urethra, this outpouching repeatedly gets filled with urine during the act of urination thus causing symptoms. |
| Interstitial Cystitis/Painful Bladder Syndrome | results in recurring discomfort or pain in the bladder and the surrounding pelvic region. The symptoms vary People may experience mild discomfort, pressure, tenderness, or intense pain in the bladder and pelvic area. |
| Renal TB | is rarely a primary lesion, usualy secondary to TB of the lung, small % of patients/w/ pulmonary TB-The tubercle Bacilli reach the Kidneys via blood stream. |
| Glomerulonephritis | Infection or inflammation fo glomeruli affecting both kidneys equally-3rd leading cause of renal failure |
| Goodpasture Syndrome | A rare autoimmune disease-presence of circulating antibodies against glomerular & alveolar basement |
| Antibiotics for UTI | Common is Bactrim DS (3-days BID) if resistent to Bactrim use Ciprofloxin, Levaquin, Fluroquinilones. |
| Urethrial Diverticuli Causes | attributed to repeated infections and/or obstruction of the periurethral glands, may be congential or due to traumatic childbirth |
| Urethrial Diverticuli Symptoms | common symptoms are irritative (i.e., frequency, urgency and dysuria) lower urinary tract symptoms |
| Interstitial Cystis/Painful Bladder Syndrome Symptoms | Symptoms may include an urgent need to urinate, a frequent need to urinate, or a combination of these symptoms. Pain may change in intensity as the bladder fills with urine or as it empties. Women’s symptoms often get worse during menstruation. |
| Interstitial Cystis /Painful Bladder Syndrome | Some of the symptoms of IC/PBS resemble those of bacterial infection, but medical tests reveal no organisms in the urine of people with IC/PBS. Furthermore, people with IC/PBS do not respond to antibiotic therapy. |
| Goodpasture syndrome | is a rare disease that can affect the lungs and kidneys. Also called anti-glomerular basement antibody disease, it is an autoimmune disease—a condition in which the body’s own defense system reacts against some part of the body itself. |
| Goodpasture’s syndrome | In Goodpasture’s syndrome, the immune system makes antibodies that attack the lungs and kidneys. Why this happens is not fully understood. Researchers have identified a number of possible causes, among them the presence of an inherited component; exposure |
| What are the symptoms of Goodpasture’s syndrome? | can cause people to cough up blood or feel a burning sensation when urinating. But its first signs may be vague, such as fatigue, nausea, difficulty breathing, or paleness. |
| What are additionaal signs & symptoms of Goodpasture’s syndrome? | These signs are followed by kidney involvement, represented first by small amounts of blood in the urine, protein in the urine |
| Glomerulonephritis | Divided into 3 parts: 1. Extent of damage, 2. Initial cause of disorder, 3. extend of changes-minimal, widespread, |
| Glomerulonephritis | Strep infection travels, blood,protein in urine, rusty urine. go up BUN=Dehydration,kidney function, Creatinine-kidney function |
| Nephrotic Syndrome | Results when the glomerulus is excessively permiable to plasma protein, causing proteinuria that leads to low plasma albumin and tissue edema. |
| Mallory Weiss Tear | Occurs when patient vomits so hard-rips the esophogus. |
| Anal Fissure | Skin ulcer or crack in the lining of the anal wall caused by trauma (constipation, passing impacted stool can cause tear in wall) |
| Zollinger Ellison Syndrome (ZES) | a rare disorder characterized by one or more tumors in the pancreas, duodenum, or both. |
| Zollinger Ellison Syndrome (ZES) | The tumors cause the stomach to make too much acid, leading to peptic ulcers in the duodenum. The tumors are sometimes cancerous and spread to other areas of the body. |
| Gastric Cancer | stomach cancer, adenocarcinoma of the stomach, wall, starts with nonspecific mucosal injury |
| Food Poisioning | Result of eating organisms or toxins in contaminated food, mostly from E.coli |
| Zollinger Ellison Syndrome (ZES) | increased level of hormone gastrin are produced causing the stomach to produce excessive HCL, leading to peptic ulcers. |
| Anticholinergics | Inhibit GI motility |
| Narcotics | decrease CNS stimulation of GI tract motility and secretion, directly inhibits GI motility |
| Demulcent | Sooths, coats, and protects mucous membranes |
| Antibiotics | Destroy normal bowel flora, allowing pathogenic organisms to flourish, people put on the are at high risk for developing c-difficile. |
| Irritable Bowel Syndrome: | symptom complex characterized by intermittent and recurrent abdominal pain and stool pattern irregularities |
| Peritonitis | Results from a localized or generalized inflammatory process, infection of the peritoneum. Causes: blood borne organisms, Genital tract organisms, cirrhosis with ascities, |
| Ulcerative Colitis | 1.Effects top layer of colon, rectum, 2. Diarrhea, Bloody Diarrhea, 3. Inflammation begins at Rectum and moves up colon in a CONTINUOUS manner |
| Crohn's Disease | 1. Effects deep in the lining of the intestine, 2. Rectal bleeding, constipation, 3. Inflammation happens in PATCHES, skips parts of bowel, healthy bowel in between |
Created by:
Smangini
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