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pn2010day
Medication Administration
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Intradermal (ID) Shots Use? | 1 mL Tuberculin Syringe; 25-26 Gauge with 3/8th inch intradermal bevel. (more Blunt) |
| Subcutaneous (Subcut) Injections Use? | 1 - 2 mL Syringe; 5/8 to 1 inch needles (any more than 1 mL of medication and it will usually be split into two or more shots) |
| Ventrugluteal Area | The Hip |
| Dosoglueteal Area | The butt |
| Deltoid Area | Upper Arm (No more than 1mL medication) |
| Rectus Femoris Area | Inside Thigh (Infants and Toddlers only unless absolutely necessary) |
| IVPB - IV Piggyback | Bags of IV fluid w/separate tubes attached to a current IV |
| Shots Entry Angle? | Intradermal - almost parallel to skin; Subcutaneous - 45 - 90 degree angle; IM (Intramuscular) - 72 - 90 degree angles |
| IM (Intramuscular) Shots | 2 - 3 mL syringes; 1 - 1 1/2 inch, 20-22 G needles |
| Vastus lateralis | Outside thigh |
| PICC | Percutaneous Intravenous Central Catheter |
| Central Line | Intravascular Device inserted in the Superior Vena Cava |
| Official Name | The name identified in the USP or NF or Canadas Health Publications |
| Chemical Name | Scientific term that describes the "chemical" makeup of a drug. EX: N-actyl - p - amino phenol |
| Trade Name | Selected by a specific companyEX: Advil, Tylenol |
| Idiosyncracy | A reaction that is different than expected |
| Generic Name | General Name given to a drug that can be made by any company EX: Ibuprofen |
| Factors that influence drug actions: | Age, weight, sex, disease |
| Mg | milligram |
| Drug Names | Chemical; Generic; Trade name and Official |
| G | Gram |
| Kg | Kilogram |
| BID | Twice a Day |
| TID | Three Times A Day |
| Meq | Milliequivalent |
| PC | After Meals |
| Mcg | Microgram |
| mL | MiliLiter |
| S/S | Sliding Scale |
| AC | Before Meals |
| HS | At Bedtime |
| IM | Intramusculary |
| Subcut | Subcutaneous |
| PR | Rectally |
| q2hr | every two hours |
| PRN | As needed |
| Lb | Pound |
| Intradermal Shots Use | 1 mL Tuberculin Syringe; 25-26 Gauge with 3/8th inch intradermal bevel. (more Blunt) |
| Subcutaneous Injections Use? | 1 - 2 mL Syringe; 5/8 to 1 inch needles (any more than 1 mL of medication and it will usually be split into two or more shots) |
| Ventrugluteal Area | The Hip |
| Dosoglueteal Area | The butt |
| Deltoid Area | Upper Arm (No more than 1mL medication) |
| Rectus Femoris Area | Inside Thigh (Infants and Toddlers only unless absolutely necessary) |
| IVPB - IV Piggyback | Bags of IV fluid w/separate tubes attached to a current IV |
| Shots Entry Angle? | Intradermal - almost parallel to skin;Subcutaneous - 45 - 90 degree angle;IM (Intramuscular) - 72 - 90 degree angls |
| IM (Intramuscular) Shots | 2 - 3 mL syringes; 1 - 1 1/2 inch, 20-22 G needles |
| Vastus lateralis | Outside thigh |
| PICC | Percutaneous Intravenous Central Catheter |
| Central Line | Intravascular Device inserted in the Superior Vena Cava |
| Official Name | The name identified in the USP or NF or Canadas Health Publications |
| Chemical Name | Scientific term that describes the "chemical" makeup of a drug. EX: N-actyl - p - amino phenol |
| Trade Name | Selected by a specific companyEX: Advil, Tylenol |
| Idiosyncracy | A reaction that is different than expected |
| Generic Name | General Name given to a drug that can be made by any company EX: Ibuprofen |
| Factors that influence drug actions: | Age, weight, sex, disease |
| Mg | milligram |
| Drug Names | Chemical; Generic; Trade name and Official |
| G | Gram |
| Kg | Kilogram |
| BID | Twice a Day |
| TID | Three Times A Day |
| Meq | Milliequivalent |
| PC | After Meals |
| Mcg | Microgram |
| mL | MiliLiter |
| S/S | Sliding Scale |
| AC | Before Meals |
| HS | At Bedtime |
| IM | Intramusculary |
| Subcut | Subcutaneous |
| PR | Rectally |
| q2hr | every two hours |
| PRN | As needed |
| Lb | Pound |
| What are the six rights? | Right: Client, time, medication, route, dose, and documentation |
| Parenteral | medication administered into any part of the body other than by way of the gastro intestinal Tract |
| PO | By Mouth |
| Psychological Dependency | Minds desire compulsion or craving to use drug |
| Physical Dependency | Physical withdrawal symptoms |
| half-Life | The time required for the body to eliminate 50% of the drug |
| Pharmacokinetics | What happens within the body after the drug is administered |
| Drug classification Categories | Prescription; Non-Prescription;Controlled Substance |
| 5 Types of Pharmacokinetics | Absorbtion; Distribution; Metabolism; Excretion; half-life |
| Distribution | The carrying of the drug and dropping it at a specific body's spot. |
| Absorption | The process by which a drug is made available for use in the body |
| Metabolism | How the body transforms a drug into a form that can be excreted |
| Excretion | The elimination of a drug from the body |
| Sublingual | Under the tongue |
| Transligual | On the tongue |
| ODT | Orally Disintegrating Tablet |
| Buccal | Medication placed between the cheek and the gums |
| Gastric Tube | Medication comes directly through the NGTube |
| Rectal | medication in a Suppository given rectally |
| Therapeutic Effect | Drugs Desired Effect |
| Adverse Effect | unintended Response |
| Serious Adverse Effect | Potentially Fatal Side Effects |
| Anaphlaxis | Severe, immediate life threatening allergic reaction |
| Medication Toxicity | Increased blood level of medication beyond its therapeutic level |
| Paradoxical Effect | Response is opposite of what is desired |
| Potentiation | Effects of two drugs together are greater than the two should be when added together |
| Systemic Effects | Drugs absorbed into the bodies general circulation |
| Local Effect | Limited to the area of application |
| Enteral | Medication administered by way of the digestive tract. |
| Dorsogluteal Administration | Butt (lay on side w/knees bent; lay on stomach w/toes pointed in) |
| lipodysrtrophy | Areas of tissue atrophy and identation |
| Administration | Sterile Equipment |
| Syringe Sizes | 0.5 to 100 mL capacity |
| Three parts of a syringe | Tip; Barrel; Plunger |
| Types of tips | Cath Tip; Luer Lock |
| Cartridges | Contain premeasured amounts of medication; inserted into reuseable holder that contains plunger |
| Needles Parts | Hub; Shaft; Beveled tip |
| Gauge (G) | The larger the number, the smaller the gauge |
| Lengths of needles | 3/8 - 1 1/2 inches |
| Where do you ALWAYS dispose of a needle? | In the Red Sharps Container |
| What is the Lumen of the needle and what does it determine? | The lumen is the hole an it is how the Gauge is determined. |
| The bigger the bevel the ___________ the gauge? | Smaller |
| TB tests and Allergy tests would use which kind of injection? | Intradermal |
| What is a diluent? | Liquid solution used to reconstitute injectable medications that have been prepared as powders. |
| What are the two most common diluents? | Sterile Water and Sterile Normal Saline |
| Why must you deliver a newly mixed injection quickly? | medications mixed with diluents detiorate very quickly. |
| Ampule | Glass Container that holds a premeasured single medication dose |
| Vial | Glass container equippes with a self-sealing rubber stopper. |
| Vial come in two forms: | Single-dose Vial and multidose vial |
| Label multi-dose vials with? | Time, Date and initials on the "first use" only |
| Swab the top of the vial with? | Alcohol, be sure to let it dry |
| When drawing from an ampule follow these steps: | 1) tap or swirl all medication out of the top of the ampule; 2) Wrap the top of the ampule with gauze or such.; 3) Break at break point away from you; 4) draw medication out using a "Filtr Needle"; 5) Switch to a normal needle before administering |
| When drawing from a vial, what do you do after swabbing the top with alcohol? | Inject the amount of air that coincides with the amount of medication you will withdrawal; ie if you will draw 0.3 mL you would inject 0.3 mL of air into vial before drawing the meds |
| What are the sterile parts of a syringe and needle? | The Barrell, shaft of needle, Tip of needle, Lumen of needle and the plunger |
| What is not sterile on a syringe and needle? | The needles hub, and the plunger after filling the syringe |
| When would you recap a needle? | Only Only Only after filling |
| Do Not _________ The Needle After Administering the shot. | Recap |
| When Recapping the needle use the ___________ method? | Scooping |
| If a client is recieving shots on a regular basis what is it important to do? | Rotate the injection Sites |
| What would we give Subcut injections for? | Insulin, Heparin and Allergy injections |
| Which is more vacsular; muscle or fat? | Muscle |
| What gauge needle would you use for subcut injections? | 25 Gauge |
| Anergic | Absence of ability to generate a sensitivity reaction |
| What are you looking for in a ID diagnostic test? | Induration(Hardness) and Erythema(redness) |
| How do we clean the injection site? | Circular motion from site out |
| When doing an ID shot, do you want the bevel up or down? | Up |
| When would you not aspirate on an injection? | Never with a blood thinner |
| What is special about an insulin syringe? | They ALWAYS have an orange cap |
| What is the process for drawing a short acting and a long acting insulin together? | Put air into long acting (cloudy) soulution first then put air in short acting (clear). Draw up the short acting (clear) then draw up the long acting (cloudy) |
| Why the precautions for the dual insulin draw? | If short acting insulin gets in the long acting it is ok because you can not lengthen it any more, but if you get long acting into the short acting it could possibly make it last longer and that negates the purpose and can be life threatening. |
| Can all insulins be mixed? | No there are some today that can not be mixed either way so be sure to check your label. |
| When drawing the long acting/cloudy insulin, what should you do to the bottle first? | Roll the vial between your two hands to mix it. |
| What makes the insulin syringes different from all others, besides the smaller size? | They always have an orange cap and they are marked in units instead of mL. |
| What is the Z-Track Method? | Taking the skin to the side away from the injection site so that when you are thru with the injection and you let the skin go it covers the injection hole up so less of the medication is able to expel upward into the fatty tissue and the skin |
| If a c;ient recieves frequent IM injections, what must you note on the MAR? | What site was used each time so that you can make sure to rotate the sites |
| S/S sliding scale is used for what | To determine how much insulin to give based on the blood sugar level |
| How is a Luer Lock syringe used | The needle screws on to these |
| How is a Cath Tip syringe used? | These are used to put fluids into a catheter or tube. |
| What is the "bump" in a ID injection referred to as? | The Wheal |
| What are the 5 most common sites for a Subcut injection? | Left and Right Upper Thighs (rectus femoris), Left and Right Outer Arms between elbow and shoulder (Deltoids) ahd abdomen above belly button |
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