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Week 8 NCO
Week 8 Overview of Specimen Collection
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Laboratory analysis can aid in: (Select all that apply.) | 1. Determining illness diagnosis 2. Identifying illness trends 3. Establishing patient response to treatment |
| When should gloves be worn during specimen collection? | When there is a risk of exposure to body fluids |
| What is the primary purpose of immediately reporting any accidental body fluid exposure? | It protects your health. |
| Agency policy may allow some laboratory studies to be obtained by NAP. | True |
| 1. Skewed results from bacterial growth 2. Wrong test performed 3. Delay in health care provider notification | 1. Specimen left at room temperature too long. 2. Inaccurate/ incomplete requisitions 3. Lack of recognition of abnormal results |
| 1. Specific gravity 1.032 2. WBC 25 3. Ketones 4. Protein 5. Bacteria 6. Glucose | 1. Dehydration 2. UTI 3. Starvagtion 4. Renal disease 5. UTI 6. Diabetes |
| What should the NAP know regarding the collection of a midstream (clean-voided) urine specimen? (Select all that apply.) | 1. When to collect the specimen 2. Proper transport of the specimen 3. To report presence of blood, cloudiness, or excess sediment in the urine 4. If the patient complains of burning upon urination |
| Which of the following are symptoms of a UTI? (Select all that apply.) | 1. Frequency 2. Dysuria (burning with urination) 3. Hematuria |
| A patient has a history of UTIs. She comes to the clinic with symptoms of burning, urgency, and urinary frequency. What type of urinalysis testing equipment would you expect to need for the patient? (Select all that apply.) | 1. sterile specimen container 2. Antiseptic towelettes |
| The amount of urine that should be collected in a midstream (clean-voided) urine specimen is: | 90 to 120 mL |
| The nurse is assisting a patient to obtain a midstream urine specimen. Which of the following would be inaccurate and require correction? | The nurse brings the patient a clean specimen cup and sterile towelettes. |
| You are going to evaluate the collection of a midstream urine specimen for culture and sensitivity. Which of the following are appropriate factors you will consider in the evaluation of this procedure? (Select all that apply.) | 1. The absence of contaminants such as toilet paper in the specimen. 2. The patient's understanding of the purpose for the specimen collection. 3. The results of the lab report and notification of the health care provider. |
| The health care provider has ordered a midstream urine specimen for culture and sensitivity. What does the "sensitivity" reflect? | Medications that may be effective against pathogens |
| 1. Notify the health care provider; monitor the patient for fever and dysuria. 2. Repeat the specimen collection. 3. Patient is unable to void | 1. Urine culture indicates greater than 30,000colonies per milliliter 2.Urine specimen is contained with toilet paper 3. Offer fluids if permitted, to enhance urine production. |
| The patient tells you that she is menstruating. What should you do? | Document this information on the laboratory slip. |
| The nurse obtained a patient’s midstream urine specimen and sent it to the lab. Based on the following documentation made by the nurse, what can you conclude? March 20 1200 Midstream urine specimen obtained by patient. Sent in biohazard bag with requis | The patient's test results may be altered. |
| The analysis of gastric contents can help the health care provider to screen and treat: (Select all that apply.) | 1. Hematemesis 2. Alterations in stomach acidity |
| Which of the following are expected normal characteristics of gastric contents? (Select all that apply.) | 1. Greenish color 2. ph 1 to 4 3. Clear |
| If allowed by agency policy, NAP may perform Gastroccult testing on emesis. | True |
| Which of the following items, if consumed recently, may produce false results when performing testing of gastric contents. | 1. Antacids 2. Iron supplement 3. Spinach 4. Red meats |
| Which of the following may increase the patient’s risk of gastric bleeding, resulting in a positive occult blood test of gastric contents? (Select all that apply.) | 1. Anticoagulants 2. Aspirin 3. Steroids 4. Anti-inflammatory agents |
| You have a commercially prepared testing kit and the developing solution. A nasogastric tube is in place. Choose the correct additional equipment that may be used for gastric occult blood and pH testing: (Select all that apply.) | 1. Bulb or catherter - tipped syringe 2. wooden applicator or 3 mL syringe 3. clean gloves 4. An emesis basin and tissues |
| Which patient responses indicate understanding of the procedure for obtaining a gastric specimen? (Select all that apply.) | 1. "If the result is positive, it means that there is blood in the specimen. 2. "If my nasogastric tube is in the correct place, this specimen wil have a low pH. |
| When a patient has a nasogastric tube in place, gastric pH may be tested to verify placement of the tube in the stomach. | true |
| You are evaluating the outcome of the Gastroccult test on emesis. Which of the following are appropriate evaluation measures you may use? (Select all that apply.) | 1. Color and characteristics of the emesis 2. Amount of emesis 3. Color changes of Gastroccult test 4. Previous results of Gastroccult testing |
| When performing a Gastroccult test, a ________ color reveals blood in gastric secretions, meaning it is positive for occult blood. | blue |
| If the fluid was aspirated from a ________ tube, the pH is usually greater than 6. | nasointestinal |
| It would be an expected finding for patients with a continuous tube feeding to have a pH of ________. | 5 |
| Emesis that has a "coffee ground" appearance indicates partially digested ________. | blood |
| Because the patient has wall suction, you may test gastric secretions from the suction canister. | False |
| The presence of blood in the stool means that the patient has colorectal cancer | False |
| 1. Black or tarry stool 2. Liquid stools more frequent than 3 times per day 3. Blood in stool 4. White or clay color 5. Narrow, pencil shaped | 1. Iron ingestion or upper gastrointestinal beeding 2. Diarrhea, reduced absorption, or hypermotility 3. Lower GI bleeding or hemorrhoids 4. Absence of bile 5. Obstruction or rapid peristalsis |
| Patient on anticougulant 2. Diet rich in meats History of hemorrhoids | 1. Increased risk of bleeding in the GI tract. 2. False positive guaiac test result. 3.Positive result from contaminaton of specimen |
| Which of the following may alter fecal occult blood test results? (Select all that apply.) | 1. consumption of Vitamin C 2. Long term use of aspirin 3. Leafy green vegetables 4. Menstruation |
| From the following list, choose the equipment necessary to obtain a fecal occult blood test. (Select all that apply.) | 1. Paper towels 2. Wooden applicator 3. Hemoccult slide and developing solution |
| Choose the medications that could result in a positive stool test for occult blood. (Select all that apply) | 1. Anticoagulants 2. Aspirin 3. Ibuprofen |
| Choose the foods that could result in a false-positive stool test for occult blood. (Select all that apply.) | 1.Spinach 2. Chicken 3. Fish |
| What information in the patient's health record could result in a positive stool test for occult blood? (Select all that apply.) | 1. Gastric ulcers 2. Hemorrhoids 3. Colitis |
| The nurse is observing the NAP perform a Hemoccult test. Which of the following actions would require correction? | The NAP applies stool to either side of the Hemoccult test slide. |
| The nurse is instructing the NAP about using Hematest tablets. Which of the following is an inaccurate statement requiring correction? | The NAP applies stool to either side of the Hemoccult test slide. |
| The nurse is instructing the NAP about using Hematest tablets. Which of the following is an inaccurate statement requiring correction? | If Hematest tablets are to be used, the Hemoccult testing cannot be delegated to NAP." |
| What is your next nursing action | Retest the stool specimen |
| You are assessing the patient’s understanding of the testing procedure. Which statements, if made by the patient, indicate correct understanding? (Select all that apply.) | 1. "O should avoid eating a lot of red meat before taking the test. 2. I should avoid taking my multivitamin with iron before the test. |
| The NAP is going to perform the Hemoccult test on the patient's stool. The NAP asks you why it is necessary to obtain samples from two different areas of the stool. The correct response by you would be: | "Blood from the upper gastrointestinal tract is dispersed unevenly throughout stool and findings are more conclusive when the entire specimen contains blood." |
Created by:
Brandi Sizemore
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