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Microbiology.

Microbiologists and their Achievements

QuestionAnswer
Billroth 1874. Discovery of round bacteria in chains
Koch 1876. Identification of Bacillus anthracis as causative agent of anthrax
Koch 1878. Differentiation of staphylococci
Hansen. Discovery of Mycobacterium leprae as causative agent of leprosy
Neisser 1880. Discovery of Neisseria gonorrhoeae as causative agent of gonorrhea
Laveran and Ross 1880. Identification of life cycle of malarial parasites in red blood cells of infected humans
Eberth 1880. Discovery of Salmonella typhi as causative agent of typhoid fever
Pasteur and Sternberg 1880. Isolation and culturing of pneumonia cocci from saliva
Koch 1881. Animal immunization with attenuated anthrax bacilli
Leistikow and Loeffler 1882. Cultivation of Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Koch 1883. Discovery of Mycobacterium tuberculosis as causative agent of tuberculosis
Klebs 1883. Culturing of Corynebacterium diptheriae and toxin as causative agent of diptheria
Loeffler 1884. Culturing of Corynebacterium diptheriae
Rosenbach 1884. pure culturing of streptococci and staphylococci
Escherich 1885. Identification of Escherichia coli as a natural inhabitant of the human gut
Bumm 1885. Pure culturing of Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Flugge 1886. Staining to differentiate bacteria
Fraenckel 1886. Streptococcus pneumoniae related to pneumonia
Weichselbaum 1887. Neisseria meningitidis related to meningitis
Bruce 1887. Identification of Brucella melitensis as causative agent of brucellosis in cattle
Petri 1887. Invention of the culture dish
Roux and Yersin 1888. Discovery of action of diptheria toxin
Charrin and Roger 1889. Discovery of agglutination of bacteria in immune system
Kitasato 1889. Discovery that Clostridium tetani produces tetanus toxin
Pfeiffer 1890. Identification of Pfeiffer bacillus, Haemophilus influenzae
von Behring and Kitasato 1890. Immunization of animals with diptheria toxin
Ivanovski 1892. Discovery of filterability of tobacco mosaic virus
Roux and Kitasato 1894. Identification of Yersinia pestis as causative agent of the bubonic plague
Pfeiffer 1894. Discovery of bacteriolysis in immune serum
Bordet 1895. Discovery of alexin [complement] and hemolysis
Widal and Grunbaum 1896. Development of diagnostic test based on agglutination of typhoid bacilli by immune serum
van Ermengem 1897. Discovery of Clostridium botulinum as causative agent of botulism
Kraus 1897. Discovery of precipitins
Ehrlich 1897. Formulation of side chain theory of antibody formation
Shiga 1898. Discovery of Shigella dysenteriae as causative agent of dysentery
Loeffler and Frosch 1898. Discovery of filterability of virus that causes foot-and-mouth disease
Beijerinck 1899. Discovery of intracellular reproducton of tobacco mosaic virus
Bordet and Gengou Identificaton of Bordetella pertussis as causative agent of whooping cough; development of complement fixation test
Reed and colleagues 1901. Identification of virus that causes yellow fever
Portier and Richet 1902. Work on anaphylaxis
Remlinger and Riffat-Bey 1903. Identification of virus that causes rabies
Schaudinn and Hoffmann 1905. Identification of Treponema pallidum as causative agent of syphilis
Wasserman, Neisser, and Bruck 1906. Development of Wasserman reaction for syphilis antibodies
Asburn and Craig 1907. Identification of virus that causes dengue fever
Flexner and Lewis 1909. Identification of virus that causes poliomyelitis
Twort 1915. Discovery of viruses that infect bacteria
d'Herelle 1917. Independent rediscovery of viruses that infect bacteria [bacteriophages]
Ross 1902. Malaria
Fleming, Chain, and Florey 1945. Penicillin
Waksman 1952. Streptomycin
Watson, Crick, and Wilkins 1962. Structure of DNA
Holley, Khorana, and Nirenberg 1968. Genetic code
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