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PHOSPHATE

ELECTROLYTES

QuestionAnswer
What is phosphate? It is found in bones and is a major factor in the intracellular production of ATP (energy).
What are the phosphate level? 3 to 4.5 mg/dL
What influence phosphate levels? PTH secretion and calcium concentration. Increase renal excretion of phosphate ions is caused by PTH. Calcium and phosphate have a reciprocal relationship. If calcium levels increase, phosphate levels decrease.
Hyperphosphatemia A serum phosphate level above 4.5 mg/dL
What are the causes of hyperphosphatemia? Inability to excrete phosphates or excessive ingestion of phosphates.
What is the clinical presentation of hyperphosphatemia? The clinical presentation is the same as hypocalcemia. If seizures occur, they are due to hypocalcemia caused by hyperphosphatemia.
How do you treat hyperphosphatemia? The objective of therapy is to decrease the serum phosphate level. Administer aluminum hydroxide gels or calcium antacids that combine with phosphate.
What is hypophosphatemia? Serum phosphate level < 3 mg/dL.
What are the cause of hypophosphatemia? Any factor that increases the cellular uptake to form sugar phosphates will decrease serum levels of phosphate. prolonged hyperventilation, sepsis, diabetic ketoacidosis, malabsorption syndromes, severe diarrhea, chronic alcoholism.
Clinical presentation of hypophosphatemia? Complaints of general malaise, anorexia, and vague muscle weakness, hypoxia.
what is the treatment for hypophosphatemia? Replace the phosphate.
Created by: nerdismart
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