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TT2 NHCC Anticoag
TT2 NHCC ANTICOAGULANTS
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the action of Heparin? | 1. Heparin – Turns off the coagulation pathway and prevents clots from forming. |
| What is the action of Warfarin? | Interferes with the proper production of vitamin K which is needed for the production of certain clotting factors. It causes the clotting factors to be dysfunctional therefore preventing clot formation. |
| What are the uses? | 1. Used to prevent clot formation where there is a high likelihood of clot formation. 2. Treatment of arterial embolism, pulmonary embolism, venous thrombosis & extensions 3. Adjunct in coronary occlusion |
| What are the major side effects/adverse reactions to the GI? | N&V, abdominal cramps, ulcerations, bleeding |
| What are the major side effects/adverse Hem. reactions ? | Bleeding, thrombocytopenia, thrombosis |
| What are some of the major side effects/adverse reactions? | Osteoporosis, skin necrosis, hypoaldosteronism, anaphylactic reactions |
| What are the contraindications? | 1. Known drug allergy 2. Leukemia 3. Pregnancy 4. GI obstruction or serious inflammation |
| What are the PHARMACOKINETICS of this drug? | 1. Metabolized in the liver, Excreted via the kidney |
| What settings where there is a high likelihood of clot formation would this drug be used? | MI, unstable angina, atrial fibrillation, indwelling devices such as mechanical heart valves, and conditions in which blood flow may be slowed and blood may pool, such as orthopedic surgery. |
| What drugs have interactions with this drug? | 1. Aspirin, IV ethacrynic acid, oral anticoagulants , 2. Antihistamines, digitalis, tetracyclines , |
| How do 1. Aspirin, IV ethacrynic acid, oral anticoagulants interact with heparin? | ↑ activity of heparin |
| How do 2. Antihistamines, digitalis, tetracyclines interact with heparin? | may partially antagonize effects of heparin |
| What serum levels can Heparin alter? | lipids, glucose, thyrozine, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and also affect T3 uptake |
| What are 2 nursing dx? | 1. Ineffective tissue perfusion, 2. Risk for trauma |
| What is the antidote for Warfarin? | Vitamin K |
| How is heparin administered? | deep SC injection or IV (Avoid IM) |
| What are the SC considerations? | Use lower abdomen, change needle after prep, do not aspirate, rotate sites, avoid massaging |
| What are the IV considerations? | Avoid mixing with other drugs |
| What is the antidote for Heparin? | protamine sulfate |
| What effect does Warfarin have on urine? | may turn urine red/brown |
| What are some examples of anticoagulants? | Anagrelide, anisindione, dalteparin, enoxaparin, heparin, warfarin |
| What precautions should be used for hair removal? | 5. Use electric razor/depilatory |
| Why is the PT considered for dosing? | 2. Regulate dose according to PT tests |
Created by:
2007Nurse
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