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sherpath week 14
Causes of Acid-Base Imbalance
Question | Answer |
---|---|
The nurse is caring for a patient with pulmonary edema. The nurse knows this patient is at risk for respiratory acidosis as a result of which factor? | Impaired gas exchange |
Which patient conditions have the greatest risk for respiratory acidosis? | - Fractured ribs - A continuous opioid infusion |
A patient’s lab values are pH 7.48, PaCO2 32 mm Hg. The nurse anticipates seeing what changes in the patient’s lab values as a result of renal compensation for this change in acid-base balance? | - pH decreases to 7.42 - Bicarbonate value decreases |
The nurse is caring for a patient admitted to the hospital with a temperature of 104.2 °F. The patient is alone, scared, in pain, and hyperventilating. The nurse knows that this patient is at risk for respiratory alkalosis because of which factor? | Exhaling too much CO2 |
The nurse is providing care to a patient who states, “I rinse my mouth after meals with baking soda and take antacids before bed each night.” The nurse knows this patient is at risk for which condition? | Elevated HCO3− level |
Which patient condition may have caused a pH of 7.48? | - Vomitting - Hypokalemia - Loop diuretic therapy |
The nurse is caring for a patient with an admitting diagnosis of metabolic acidosis. Which change in the patient’s respiratory pattern indicates to the nurse that compensation is occurring? | Kussmaul respirations |
Which lab value would indicate to the nurse that a patient is experiencing metabolic acidosis? | HCO3 − level of 17.6 mEq/L |
The nurse is providing care to a patient, following a motor vehicle accident. The steering wheel hit the patient’s chest and trapped the patient in the car until the rescue workers arrived. The patient is now complaining of dyspnea. For which acid-base im | Respiratory acidosis |
The nurse is caring for a school-age patient who fell at school and is receiving treatment for a fractured arm. The patient is crying and complaining of pain. The nurse reviews the patient’s lab results, which indicate an elevated pH and a decreased PaCO2 | Respiratory Alkalosis |
Which patients should the nurse identify as being at risk for respiratory acidosis secondary to impaired gas exchange? | - A patient experiencing an asthma attack - A patient diagnosed with scoliosis - A patient who is two hours postoperative for thoracic surgery |
The nurse is caring for a patient with pulmonary edema. The nurse knows this patient is at risk for respiratory acidosis as a result of which factor? | Impaired gas exchange |
The nurse admits a patient who is unresponsive. Which conditions in the medical history should the nurse identify as placing the patient at risk for metabolic acidosis? | - Type I diabetes - Sepsis |
Laboratory values for a patient recently admitted include: pH - 7.31, PaO2 - 59.2 mm Hg, PaCO2 - 38.6 mm Hg, HCO3 – 17.5 mEq/L, and O2 saturation - 88%. The patient is awake, but lethargic, and is taking rapid, deep breaths. Which data in the medical hist | Diabetes mellitus |
A patient is admitted with dehydration and lethargy. Which data should the nurse identify as supporting the diagnosis of metabolic alkalosis? | - Increased pH - Increased bicarbonate |