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endrocrine chapter 4

QuestionAnswer
Anterior Pituitary Hormones Growth Hormone-Thyroid stimulating hormone-Adrenocorticotropic Hormone-Follicle Stimulating Hormone-Leuntinizing Hormone-Prolactin
Growth Hormone Anabolic hormone(builds up) - Promotes protein synthesis(mobilizes fatty acids)-Insufficient GH= Dwarfism- Oversecretion= Acromegaly
Growth Hormone Excess Commonly caused by a tumor- Unwanted growth of bones and soft tissues- Elevation of blood glucose insulin antagonism- Childhood=gigantism- Adulthood=acromegaly
Acromegaly Develops after closure of epiphyseal plate closure- Occurs across gender- Increased mortality rate= cardiomegaly- LV hypertrophy- Hypertension- Diabetes
Signs and Symptoms of Acromegaly Gradual development- 7-9 years onset to diagnosis- Enlargement of hands and feet- Joint pain, arthritis- Facial features enlarge, thicken- Tounge enlargement, thickening-sleep apnea- skin changes- Polyuria- polydipsia- angina- visual disturbanc
Diagnostic test for Acromegaly Plasma GH level- Glucose tolerance test- CT to localize tumor- MRI- Ophthalmic exam
Treatment for Acromegaly Surgery= removal of tumor - Drug therapy = Sandostatin Suppresses GH- Radiation= reduce tumor size
Radiation Therapy of Acromegaly Reduce tuomor size prior to surgery, secondary option if surgery not effective, skin changes, hair loss, cahnges to oral mucosa, sterotactic radiosurgery for inaccessible tumor.
Drug therapy for Acromegaly Somatostatin analog= Sandostatin inhibits GH- may be adjunct with surgery raditation- Dopamine agonists= dostinex, bromocriptine- suppresses GH secretion
Transphenoidal Hypophysectomy Incistion between upper lip, gingiva- Tumor removed via sphenoid sinus- REsults within weeks depending on size of tumor.
Pre-op Care of Transphenoidal Hypophysectomy Offer information- alleviate anziety- antibiotic nose drops- promote oral hygiene
Post-op Care of a Transphenoidal Hypophysectomy HOB level- Avoid brushing teeth- avoid forceful cough, sneeze, valsalva-monitor nasal draniage- assess neuro status- analgesia for headache- pin care for head frame- monitor i&o- assess for diabetes insipidus-skin care S/P raditation.
Antidiuretic Hormone ADH(argenine vasopressin)-synthesized in hypothalamus- stored and secreted by posterior pitutiary- regulation of water and soduim balance-reabsorption of H2o in renal tubules
Diabetes Insipidus - Central Organic lesion of hypothalamus or PP- Head trauma, cranial surgery, CNS infection.
Diabetes insipidus Nephrogenic Decreased renal responsiveness
Diabetes Insipidus Dispogenic Structural lesion in thirst center- psychogenic polydipsia
Symptoms of Diabetes Indsipidus increased thirst increased UOP nocturia increased serum osmolarity a> 295 beneralized weakness
Created by: bluegray431
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