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Chapter 41 pharm
Drugs for bowel disorders and GI conditions, pharmacology for nurses, Adams
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Psychological factors related to nausea occur during periods of extreme _____ or when confronted with unpleasant _____,_____, and _____. | stress; sight, sound, and smells |
| The two major drug classes used to effectively treat nausea due to motion sickness are _____ and _____. | anticholinergics and antihistamines. |
| Ingestion of poisons is sometimes treated by administering _____ such as _____ to induce _____ within 15 minutes. | emetics, ipecac, vomiting |
| _____ are used for the treatment of obesity, although they produce only _____ effects. | anorexiants, moderate |
| Constipation is identified by a decrease in the _____ and number of _____. | frequency, bowel movements. |
| The etiology of constipation may be related to insufficient _____, especially insoluble _____. | food intake, dietary fiber |
| Severe constipation can lead to a fecal _____ and a complete _____ of the bowel. | impaction, obstruction |
| Prophylactic pharmacotherapy with _____ is appropriate to preclude straining or bearing down during _____. | laxative, defecation. |
| The role of the nurse in pharmacotherapy involves careful _____ of a client's condition and providing _____. | monitoring and education. |
| Laxatives are contraindicated in _____, _____, and _____ because of the risk for causing _____ perforation. | esophageal obstruction, intestinal obstruction, fecal impaction; bowel |
| _____ promotes defecation. | Laxative |
| _____ implies a strong and complete bowel emptying. | Cathartic |
| _____ absorbs water, increasing size of fecal mass. | Bulk-forming agent |
| _____ causes water and fat to be absorbed into stools. | Stool softener |
| _____ irritates the bowel, causing peristalsis. | Stimulant |
| _____ pulls water into stool for a more watery stool. | Osmotic |
| _____ lubricates the stool and colon | Mineral oil |
| Acting on which of the following client complaints would the nurse discontinue laxative therapy? (a) nausea with dry skin; (b) mild abdominal discomfort; (c) diarrhea and cramping; (d)a soft formed stool. | (c) diarrhea and cramping. |
| All of the following describe stimulant laxatives except: (a) Peristalsis is increased by irritating the colon; (b) results are both rapid and effective; (c) Never used in combination with other types; (d) Frequently used as an aid to a bowel prep. | (c) Never used in combination with other types. |
| Clients receiving prochlorperazine (Compazine) for nausea must also be monitored for which of the following? (a) Extrapyramidal symptoms; (b) cholinergic side effects; (c)Early Parkinson's disease; (d) Hyperemesis gravidarum. | (a) Extrapyramidal symptoms |
| Client education should include which of the following? (a) goals of therapy; (b) reason for treatment; (c) possible side effects; (d) all of the above. | (d) all of the above |
| A nursing assessment of a client on laxative therapy should include all of the following except which one? (a) Vital signs; (b) abdominal assessment; (c)level of consciousness; (d) character of stool | (c) level of consciousness |
| Which of the following is a bulk-forming laxative? | (a) Psyllium mucilloid (Metamucil) |
| Aprepitant (Emend) is a new antiemetic that belongs to which of the following drug classifications? (a) Neurokinin receptor; (b) serotonin-receptor blockers; (c) glucocorticoids; (d) Phenothiazines | (a) Neurokinin receptor |
| The nurse should recognize which of the following as a complication secondary to the administration of bulk-forming laxatives? (a) bowel perforation; (b) Severe hypotension; (c) stimulation of defecation; (d) obstruction of the esophagus. | (d) obstruction of the esophagus |
| Which of the following categories of laxatives are known for their high sodium content? (a) Bulk-forming laxatives; (b) Stimulant laxatives; (c) Osmotic laxatives; (d) herbal laxative preparations. | (b) stimulant laxatives |
| Which of the following drugs is the most widely prescribed anorexiant for short-term control of obesity? (a) Dextroamphetamine (Dexedrine); (b) Sibutramine (Meridia); (c) Orlistat (Xenical); (d) dimenhydramine (Dramamine). | (c) Orlistat (Xenical) |
| Misoprostol (Cytotec) is an antiulcer agent. What nursing intervention is necessary before administering to a female of childbearing age? (a) Checking a CBC; (b) Monitoring gastric signs/symptoms; (c) Urine for pregnancy (UCG); (d) testing for H. pylori | (c) Urine for pregnancy (UCG) |
| Scopolamine (Transderm-Scop) is an effective antiemetic for motion sickness that is classified as: (a) adrenergic agonist; (b) cholinergic agonist; (c) Anticholinergic; (d) ganglionic blocker | (c) anticholinergic |
| Dyphylline is a xanthine drug similar to theophylline: it relaxes smooth muscle. What is its primary indication? (a) shock; (b) asthma; (c) Parkinson's disease; (d) Migraines. | (b) asthma |
| Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) is an antihistamine. Which of the following is a common side effect? (a) headache; (b) nasal stuffiness; (c) drowsiness; (d) salivation. | (c) Drowsiness |
| Indapamide (Lozol) is a thiazide-like diuretic that is chemically related to sulfonamides. What are many sulfonamides used to treat? (a) Peptic ulcers; (b) Viral infections; (c) bacterial infections; (d)anxiety. | (c) Bacterial infections |
| Naldecon Senior DX is a combination drug consisting of dextromethorphan 10 mg and guaifenesin 200 mg. Naldecon is most likely prescribed for which of the following? (a) cold & flu symptoms; (b)mild to moderate pain; (c)ashtma; (d)hypertension. | (a) cold and flu symptoms |
| Alkylating agents such as cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) are primarily used to treat which of the following? (a) immune disorders; (b)severe inflammation; (c)cancer; (d)HIV/AIDS. | (c) cancer |
| Your client is to receive prochlorperazine (Compazine) 10 mg, q4-6h., IM, PRN for relief of nausea and vomiting. The medication on hand is 25 mg per 2-mL ampule. How much of this medication will be used for each dose? | 0.8 mL/dose |
| Your client is to receive prochlorperazine (Compazine) 10 mg, q4-6h., IM, PRN for relief of nausea and vomiting. The medication on hand is 25 mg per 2-mL ampule. What type of syringe should be used? | 3-mL syringe |
| Your client is to receive prochlorperazine (Compazine) 10 mg, q4-6h., IM, PRN for relief of nausea and vomiting. The medication on hand is 25 mg per 2-mL ampule. What length and gauge needle is appropriate for this medication? | For average size adult, 20-21 gauge, 1 to 1-1/2 inch needle |
| To control loose stools, your client has been prescribed diphenoxylate with atropine (Lomotil). A dose of 2.5 mg, PO, qid, has been ordered. How many milligrams will this client receive in 24 hours? | 10 mg/day |
Created by:
myt1462
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