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Study of Illness
Ross & Wilson Chapter 1: Introduction to the Study of Illness
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Aetiology | The cause of the disease |
Complications | Other consequences if the disease progresses |
Pathogenesis | Nature of the disease process and it’s effects on normal body functioning |
Prognosis | The likely outcome |
Acquired | Disorder that develops anytime after birth (opp. congenital) |
Acute | Disease with sudden onset often requiring urgent treatment (opp. chronic) |
Chronic | Long-standing disorder that cannot usually be cured (opp. acute) |
Communicable | Disease that can be transmitted from one individual to another |
Congenital | Disorder that one is born with (opp. acquired) |
Iatrogenic | Condition that results from healthcare intervention |
Sign | Abnormality seen or measured by people other than the patient |
Symptom | Abnormality described by the patient |
Syndrome | Collection of s/s that tend to occur together |
Causes of disease (6) | - genetic abnormalities - infection by microorganisms - chemicals - ionising radiation - physical trauma - degeneration - idiopathic |
Inflammation | Tissue response to any kind of tissue damage (-itis) |
Tumours | Abnormal cells proliferate and cause a mass to develop (-oma) |
Abnormal immune mechanisms | Undesirable responses to normally protective immune system. Allergic conditions/autoimmune diseases |
Thrombosis, embolism & infarction | Effects and consequences of abnormal changes in the blood and/or blood vessel walls |
Degeneration | Normal ageing or premature deterioration |
Metabolic abnormalities | Cause undesirable metabolic effects (diabetes mellitus) |
Genetic abnormalities | Either inherited or caused by environmental factors such as exposure to ionising radiation |