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NPN 106- Exam One
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Florence Nightingale | -In school 3 months- age 31. - known for work in Korean war. - soldiers dying from field than injury/wounds - produced sanitation and kept a clean environment - 42% before implemented hygiene then rate fell to 2% - Lady with the lamp, would go out and c |
| Isabell Hampton | Invented grading and set ambitious standards for nurse |
| Lavinia Dock | Women’s right to vote Believed nurses should have a voice |
| Clara Barton | American Red Cross Brought supplies in middle of civil war she is known as angel on the battlefield |
| Lillian Wald | Poor people needed care just like the wealthy Henry street settlement in NY |
| Margaret Sanger | Control pregnancy Women’s role used to be to provide children |
| Mary Breckinridge KY | Healthcare mother and children First midwife school in US |
| Mary Mahoney | First RN of African American culture in US National Association of Colored Graduate Nurses (NACG) |
| Dorothea Orem | Well known because of self care deficit nursing theory Strong believe in structural body |
| Sister Callista Roy | Present day Adaptation model Focused on children and ability to how they bounced back so quickly |
| Jean Watson | Need to be caring individual forming relationships w/ patients |
| Virginia Avenel | Basic human needs |
| Mary Ball | Work during civil war in comforting soldiers and having nutrition and cleanliness |
| Linda Richards | Present day documentation |
| Madeline Lingerer | Transcultural nursing movement |
| Nutting and Goodrich | American journal of nursing Believed in formal training |
| Students | Attendant nurses |
| First state to have LPN’s | Mississippi in 1914 |
| Male Nurses | Began the nursing profession Up until civil wars it was mainly males |
| Roles of nursing | Caregiver- provide care (holistic) Communicators- community and patients Teachers- help do better Advocate- protect our patients needs and wishes Counselors- recognize and cope Change agent- improving quality of health, facility and process |
| More roles of nursing | Leaders Managers-‘ must do all tasks Case managers- monitoring outcomes and control costs Researcher |
| Expanded roles of nursing | Nurse practitioners Clinical Nurse Specialist Certified nurse anesthetist Midwives Nurse administrator |
| LPN/LVN | 8-12 months Under RN |
| RN | diploma was 3 year program could complete in work setting 2 or 4 year program |
| Graduate nurse | Masters |
| Doctoral | NP’s are being pushed to earn doctorate |
| CEU | Continuing education units |
| True or False. In KY you are required to obtain 14 hrs of education annually, 3 hrs domestic and pediatric abusive head trauma | True |
| Inservice | Know codes CPR Safety |
| Wellness and Illness | Affects mental, physical and social wellbeing |
| Wellness | Highest level |
| What effects our wellness | 1. Age 2. Gender 3. Family relationship 4. Emotional stressors 5. Cultural influences 6. Economics 7. Holistic care-physical, emotional, social, economic, spiritual |
| Primary prevention of illness | Primary prevention is first level that helps seek to avoid disease We do this by wellness activities and screening (diabetes or hypoglycemia check) Pap smears and colonoscopy Immunization |
| Secondary prevention of illness | 1. Encourage behaviors that promote health 2. Diagnosed but do not want other complications that can go along with diseases etc. |
| Tertiary prevention of illness | Serious health conditions, you are trying to improve quality of life Prevent problems from worsening |
| Continuum Care | Many factors affect how we care.. - Supply and demand - Third party payers are the main source- BlueCross blue shield - CMS- Medicare and Medicaid, etc. - Overwhelming those weakened by illness may be overwhelmed and not be able to get the care they nee |
| Economic | Only way to save is to cut payroll or supplies Technology isn’t cheap Health insurance limitations Malpractice lawsuits |
| Providers of care- interdisciplinary team | Nurse Nurse practitioner Physician Physician assistant Hospitalist Unlicensed assistant personnel UAP dentist Pharmacist Dietician Physical therapist Respiratory therapist Occupational therapist Social workers Call manager Spiritual |
| Nurse roles | ADPIE |
| Nurse practitioner | Screening diagnostics Uncomplicated illnesses Prescriptions and controlled substances if qualified They can work independently but usually under physician |
| Physician | Specialized in their care |
| Hospitalist | Acute problems Inpatient care |
| PA Physician assistant | Limited prescription abilities Under physician |
| UAP - Unlicensed Assistant Personnel | Nursing assistants Patient not machine |
| Dentist | Contracted and come into facilities to check on teeth and help with diagnosis and treatment of dental problems |
| Pharmacist | All facilities have Preparation and dismemberment in hospitals, long term care and communities Flu shots and covid shots iMonitor and evaluate affectless of medications Pharmacy assistants |
| Dietician | Patient is getting what is needed |
| Physical therapist | Muscular skeletal problems Physician order Building strength |
| Respiratory therapist | Oxygen, ventilator, breathing treatments Respiratory problems |
| Occupational therapist | Skills and functioning Activities of daily living |
| Social workers | Support Long term care |
| Case manager | Controls costs |
| Spiritual | Spiritual support |
| Holistic care | Physical, social, emotional economic and spiritual |
| Laws | proper behavior in society |
| Criminal Law | involves need of public in charge of agents that represent the government |
| Criminal law means and includes | innocent or guilty fines and incarceration usually for murder, robbery or assault |
| Civil Law | between individuals determines countability or innoncence Person to Person issue |
| Negligence | absence of due care or being careless |
| Malpractice | professional negligence actions take harm |
| What four things make it malpractice | failure to perform actions breach the duty make harm proximate cause (because of breach of duty) |
| how to avoid malpractice and negligence | practice within rules and regulations standards of care policies and procedures |
| malpractice and negligence can be faulted on other people than nurse | individual manager employer |
| Civil litigation | legal exchange between individuals oppose to criminal matter |
| Civil litigation involves | plantiff, defendant, damages, summons |
| plaintiff | making complaint |
| defendant | liable from what plaintiff is complaining of |
| damages | compensation plaintiff is requesting |
| summons | court ordered certified of legal actions |
| discovery/verdict | medical records standards of care policies and procedures review documents and interview witnesses question everything needed to form a verdict or find reasoning for malpractice or negligence |
| deposition | when you are questioned as a witness |
| criminal trial | against society rules and regulations |
| civil trial | against individual |
| criminal trial | guilty bases on judge or jury can appeal if error in process person who is answerable for crime |
| can you do what you are not trained to do | no |
| abandonment of care | do not abandon patient |
| assault | threaten with words and gestures |
| battery | touching without consent or follow through with assault |
| competency | patient make decision for self unless unable |
| defamation | spoken or written statements that ruin persons reputation |
| harm | injury to person or property |
| libel | malicious or untrue writing another person brought attention to |
| malpractice | failure to meet one duties and results in harm |
| negligence | doing or not doing what a prudent nurse would do in a situation it causes harm to someone |
| slander | malicious or untrue SPOKEN words about person brought to attention |
| tort | term for civil law wrong against person, property, negligence, fraud malpractice etc. |
| if it was not documented it did not happen | true |
| as a nurse you are expected to provide | privacy confidentiality right to refuse care |
| 1980 new addition was added to ensure rights of people with mental illnesses called self-determination act | true |
| implied consent | ER means they came wanting care that gives you consent |
| informed consent | has to be well explained before patient signs and makes a decision can not be forced procedurals will obtain treatment |
| emancipated minor that has care of children may sign for themselves | true |
| nurse is responsible and a witness for getting informed consent signed | true |
| confidentiality | duty to protect information |
| medical record | you cannot pull out a record and redo them or copy them |
| when you report in good faith you are protected from liability | true |
| Withholding medical treatment with serious medical conditions is a form of child abuse. Child Abuse Amendment | true |
| Infant are considered viable after 24 weeks, some facilities say 22 weeks know your policies and procedures | true |
| spouse and elder abuse | often overlooked nurses are responsible to know signs spouse abuse has been a major problem but is improving |
| workplace abuse and violence | verbal, emotion, sexual, physical |
| most workplace abuse is lateral-peers or coworkers | true |
| rules and regulations, standards of care and policies and procedures will help you avoid many problems and lawsuits | true |
| Kentucky board of nursing protects nurses not the public | false, they protect the public not nurses |
| compact states | you can work in that state with a KY license |
| fraud | someone steals info and tries to copy licensure |
| criminal activity | felonies, embellishment, criminal background |
| another jurisdiction | another state or nation has problems with you |
| incompetent | failure to show standards of care unethical refusing to care drug abuse and selling drugs |
| ethics | value that interprets persons behavior or beliefs |
| Nursing ethics involve moral value and principals that affect personal conduct | true |
| living will | written document that directs treatment if worsen of condition difficult to interpret require 2 witnesses an employee cannot witness |
| designated surrogate | makes decisions if no living will |
| ethical dilemmas | no clear right or wrong ethical principals serve as a framework in decision making all persons are equal |
| autonomy | we cannot tell them what to do or make decision for them only share knowledge |
| beneficence | protecting life and promoting goodliness |
| nonmalefience | do nothing to harm patient |
| justice | fair all patients have right to same care |
| physician assisted suicide | end of life care assist to come home and pass away |
| euthanasia | legal in few states taking life from permission of meds or machines |
| DNR DO NOT RESUSICATE | legally obligated to follow patients orders if no order you must resuscitate |
| communicable diseases have to be reported | true |
| Verbal order needs to be clarified before you write it down-repeat it back to that person | true |
| is in house document part of medical record | no |
| we only want facts on incident reporting | true |
| do you only chart what happened and what you did about it and to prevent occurring again | yes |
| AMA against medical advice | leave without discharge can't make them stay because that is false imprisionment report to physician if wanting to leave |
| unprofessional conduct | no illegal substances ever falsification of records |
| Only chart what you did and saw after you did and saw | true |
| Professionalism | Someone who is competent and qualified, high level of integrity with high standards Be confident, trustworthy and dependable |
| Self assessment | Take care of yourself to take care of others |
| Self assessment involves 3 areas | Physical, emotional and intellectual health |
| Physical health | Get a good sleep and have a good diet, good oral hygiene |
| Emotional health | Be constructive learn from mistakes confident independent and accepting critic Be positive and be able to cope |
| Intellectual health | Be able to problem solve |
| Personality | Collection of behavior and attitude that sits person apart from others |
| Culture | Refers to norms and practices of particular group that are learned and guide thinking decisions and actions |
| Ethnocentric | Do not be like it means to believe in your own way and don’t care about anyone else |
| Critical thinking | Having ability to make connections between what you learned and what you know |
| Continuing education | Planned learning takes place after formal certificate or degree |
| Define | Art- Ability to act skillfully Science- body of knowledge |
| Medicine men tried to form ritual to get rid of bad spirits in which they thought was cause of all problems or sickness | True |
| Who used to be the caregivers when it was believed bad spirits caused diseases and infections | Priests |
| Hypocrites | Farther of medicine |
| Hospitals were called what in 19th century due to lack of cleaning and hygiene | Pest houses |
| Nurses used to be considered what class of citizen | Lower class Drank heavily Prostitution Came from jails They weren’t supposed to work out of house |
| Religion | Important role Strongly influenced in nursing Passion for patients |
| War | World War 1 increase nurses Women became a part of military World war 2 high need for trained nurses created a shortage- cause state board of nursing in bind |
| What image was seen of nurses | Guardian angel |
| Change agent | Improve process and facility Improve quality of health |
| Nursing process took how many years to be published | 20 |
| Definition of nursing process | A systematic problem-solving approach to nursing care |
| Nursing process is used fo | Plan and provide care for patients and help identify parent problems |
| Nursing process took how long to get published | 20 years |
| Nursing process definition | Systematic, problem solving approach to nursing care |
| Nursing process use is to | Plan to provide care for patients Identify patient problems |
| Characteristics of nursing process | Open and flexible Constantly changing Set a goal reach goal |
| Assessment is the baseline | True |
| Nursing process is cyclic | Never ending Goes on and on |
| Nursing process has prioritized care for example | Airway and respiratory is priority Use Maslow hierarchy of needs |
| Professionalism | Someone who is competent and qualified with high standards Trustworthy and dependable |
| Self assessment | Take care of yourself to take care of there |
| Self assessment has 3 areas | Physical, emotional and intellectual health |
| Physical health | Good sleep, oral hygiene good diet |
| Emotional health | Confident, accepting critic, able to cope and be positive |
| Intellectual health | Able to problem solve |
| Personality meaning | Collection of behavior and attitude that set person apart from others |
| Culture | Regrets to norms and practices of particular group |
| Do not be ethnocentric which means | Believing in your own way and don’t care about anyone else |
| Critical thinking | Having ability to make connections between what you learned and what you know |
| Continuing education | Planned learning takes place after certification or degree |
| Define | Art-ability to act skillfully Science-body of knowledge |
| Medicine men tried to perform rituals to get rid of spirits that caused diseases, infection etc. | True |
| Hypocrites | Father of medicine |
| Hospitals in 19th century called what because of uncleanliness and hygiene | Pest houses |
| Nurses were considered what type of class | Lower class Drank heavily Prostitution Came from jails Weren’t supposed to work outside home |
| Religon | Strongly influenced in nursing Love thy neighbor Passion for patients |
| War | World war 1 was increase in nurses World war 2 formed high need for trained nurses which caused a shortage |
| What image did people view nurses | Guardian angel |
| Change angent | Improve process, facility and quality of health |
| NAPES | NAtional Assoxiation for practical nurse education and services -promote and defend practice education |
| NLN | National League Of nurses Specially in education Prepares educaction or nurse |
| ANA/KNA | Represents American nurses across nation High standards nurses Active politics |
| KLPNO | Kentucky licensed practical nursing organization Students in program or educators Seat ok KY board of nursing |
| NALPN | National association licensed practical nurses Foster high education and standards of care for LPNs |
| HOSA | Health occupational students of America Nursing students |
| Assessment techniques | Inspection- looking Auscultation- lisenting Palpating- feeling Percussion- tapping |
| Subjective | Said |
| Objective | Observed |
| Right brain dominant | Intuitive imaginative and impulsive |
| Left brain dominant | Analytical rataional and objective |
| Linear thinkers (left brain) | Structures approach to learning Do things by order |
| Global thinkers (right brain) | Don’t have to do any pre planing Access and relate info on first day |
| Impersonal learner | Sharing, cooperating, interviewing, study group |
| Intrapersonal learner | Self spaced and instructions and having own space |
| Maslows 5 steps | Physiological needs, safety, love/belonging, esteem and self actualization |
| The Good Samaritan act | Stipulates that a person who renders emergency care in good faith at the scenes of accident is immune from civil liability for his or her action while providing care |
| Passive or non assertive behavior | Fear based behavior is emotionally dishonest |
| Aggressive behavior | Lack of consideration for others |
| Assertiveness | Honesty |
| Projection | Coping mechanism |
| Normal Glasgow coma scale | 15 |
| Skin and hair normal | Skin is warm dry and smooth and with good turgur with pink under tones |
| Head and neck mormal | Upright and still can move head normal |
| Normal carotid pulse is regular and without a thrill | True |
| Mouth and throat | Moist, pink and free of legions |
| Eyes normal | Symmetric and sclera of eye is white and the conjunctiva is pink |
| Lung sounds | Normal breathing |
| Spine normal | Straight and no curve |
| Heart sounds normal | Normal lub-dub |
| Normal rate of bowel sounds | 4 to 32 per minute |
| Legs and feet normal | Palpate femoral. Popliteal and dorsal is pedis and posterior tibial pulse |
| Normal legs and feet | No edema and good pulse, color of skin matches rest of body |
Created by:
20moramb
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