Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
GI Drugs
Drugs Affecting Gastrointestinal Secretions Drugs Used to Treat GERD and Ulcers
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Histamine-2 (H2) Antagonists Drugs | Cimetidine (Tagamet HB) Ranitidine (Zantac) Famotidine (Pepcid) Nizatidine (Axid) *ends in tidine* |
| Histamine-2 (H2) Antagonists Actions | Actions Selectively block histamine-2 receptor sites This blocking leads to a reduction in gastric acid secretion and reduction in overall pepsin production |
| Histamine-2 (H2) Antagonists Indications | Indications Short-term treatment of active duodenal ulcer or benign gastric ulcer Treatment of pathological hypersecretory conditions such as Zollinger–Ellison syndrome |
| Histamine-2 (H2) Antagonists Indications continued | Indications continued Prophylaxis of stress-induced ulcers and acute upper GI bleeding in critical patients Treatment of erosive gastroesophageal reflux Relief of symptoms of heartburn, acid indigestion, and sour stomach (OTC preparations) |
| Histamine-2 (H2) Antagonists Pharmacokinetics | Pharmacokinetics Readily absorbed after oral administration Metabolized in the liver and excreted in urine |
| Histamine-2 (H2) Antagonists Contraindications | Contraindications Known allergy |
| Histamine-2 (H2) Antagonists Caution | Caution Pregnancy or lactation Hepatic or renal dysfunction |
| Histamine-2 (H2) Antagonists Adverse Effects | Adverse Effects GI effects CNS effects Cardiac arrhythmias and hypotension |
| Histamine-2 (H2) Antagonists Drug-Drug Interactions | Drug-Drug Interactions Warfarin, phenytoin, beta blockers, alcohol, quinidine, lidocaine, theophylline, chloroquine, benzodiazepines, nifedipine, pentoxifylline, tricyclics, procainamide, and carbamazepine |
| Antacids Drugs | Sodium bicarbonate (Bell-ans) Calcium carbonate (Oystercal, Tums, and others) Magnesium salts (Milk of Magnesia, and others) Aluminum salts (Amphojel, and others) |
| Antacids Actions | Actions Neutralize stomach acid by direct chemical reaction |
| Antacids Indications | Indications Symptomatic relief of upset stomach associated with hyperacidity, as well as hyperactivity |
| Antacids Contraindications | Contraindications Allergy |
| Antacids Caution | Caution Any condition that can be exacerbated by electrolyte imbalance GI obstruction |
| Antacids Adverse Effects | Adverse Effects Relate to their effects on acid-base levels and electrolytes Rebound acidity Alkalosis Hypercalcemia Constipation or diarrhea Hypophosphatemia |
| Antacids Drug-Drug Interactions | Drug-Drug Interactions Affect the absorption of many other drugs |
| Proton Pump Inhibitors Drugs | Omeprazole (Prilosec) Esomeprazole (Nexium) Lansoprazole (Prevacid) Dexlansoprazole (Kapidex) Pantoprazole (Protonix) Rabeprazole (Aciphex) |
| Proton Pump Inhibitors Actions | Actions Act at specific secretory surface receptors to prevent the final step of acid production and thereby decrease the level of acid in the stomach |
| Proton Pump Inhibitors Indications | Indications Short-term treatment of active duodenal ulcers, GERD, erosive esophagitis, and benign active gastric disease Long-term treatment of pathological hypersecretory conditions |
| Proton Pump Inhibitors Pharmacokinetics | Pharmacokinetics Acid labile, rapidly absorbed in the GI tract Metabolized in the liver and excreted in the urine |
| Proton Pump Inhibitors Contraindications | Contraindications Allergy |
| Proton Pump Inhibitors Caution | Caution Pregnancy or lactation |
| Proton Pump Inhibitors Adverse Effects | Adverse Effects CNS effects: Dizziness, headache, asthenia, vertigo, insomnia, apathy GI Effects: Diarrhea, abdominal pain, and tongue atrophy |
| Proton Pump Inhibitors Adverse Effects continued | Adverse Effects Upper respiratory tract symptoms: Cough, stuff nose, hoarseness, and epistaxis Other: Rash, alopecia, pruritis, dry skin, back pain, and fever |
| Proton Pump Inhibitors Drug-Drug Interactions | Drug-Drug Interactions Benzodiazepines, phenytoin, warfarin Ketoconazole, theophylline Sucralfate Clopidogrel |
| GI Protectant drugs | Sucralfate (Carafate) |
| GI Protectant Actions | Actions Forms an ulcer-adherent complex at duodenal ulcer sites, protecting the sites against acid, pepsin, and bile salts |
| GI Protectant Indications | Indications Promote ulcer healing |
| GI Protectant Pharmacokinetics | Pharmacokinetics Rapidly absorbed, metabolized in the liver, and excreted in feces |
| GI Protectant Contraindications | Contraindications Allergy / Renal failure |
| GI Protectant Caution | Caution Pregnancy or lactation |
| GI Protectant Adverse Effects | Adverse Effects GI effects – Constipation, diarrhea, nausea, indigestion, gastric discomfort, dry mouth Dizziness Sleepiness Vertigo Skin rash Back pain |
| GI Protectant Drug-Drug Interactions | Drug-Drug Interactions Aluminum salts Phenytoin, fluoroquinolone, or penicillamine |
| Prostaglandin Drugs | Synthetic prostaglandin E1 analogue misoprostol (Cytotec) |
| Prostaglandin Actions | Actions Inhibits gastric acid secretion and increases bicarbonate and mucous production in the stomach |
| Prostaglandin Pharmacokinetics | Pharmacokinetics Rapidly absorbed from GI tract, metabolized in the liver, and excreted in the urine |
| Prostaglandin Contraindications | Contraindications Pregnancy |
| Prostaglandin Caution | Caution Lactation |
| Prostaglandin Adverse Effects | Adverse Effects GI effects – Nausea, diarrhea, abdominal pain, flatulence, vomiting, dyspepsia, and constipation GU effects – Miscarriages, excessive bleeding, spotting, cramping, hypermenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, and other menstrual disorders |
| Digestive Enzymes Drugs | Saliva substitute (Mouth Kote, Salivart) Pancrelipase (Creon, Pancrease |
| Digestive Enzymes Actions | Actions Saliva substitute – Contains electrolytes and carboxymethylcellulose to act as a thickening agent in dry mouth conditions Pancreatic enzymes are replacement enzymes that help the digestion and absorption of fats, proteins, and carbohydrates |
| Digestive Enzymes Indications | Indications Replacement therapy |
| Digestive Enzymes Contraindications | Contraindications Saliva – Allergy Pancreatic enzymes - Allergy |
| Digestive Enzymes Caution | Caution Saliva – CHF, hypertension, or renal failure Pancreatic enzyme – Pregnancy and lactation |
| Digestive Enzymes Adverse Effects | Adverse Effects Saliva – Complications from abnormal electrolytes – increased levels of magnesium, sodium, or potassium Pancreatic enzyme – GI irritation, nausea, abdominal cramps, and diarrhea |
Created by:
garmijos
Popular Nursing sets