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Chapter 4
Medical terminology chapter 4
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Encephal/o | entire brain |
Gli/o | glue |
Narc/o | stupor or sleep |
Phor/o | carry or bear |
Schiz/o | split |
Stere/o | three-dimensional or solid |
Tax/o | order or coordination |
cata- | down |
-asthenia | weakness |
-paresis | slight paralysis |
diencephalon | area deep within the brain that contains the thalamus and hypothalamus and is the link between the cerebral hemispheres and the brain-stem; responsible for directing sensory information to the cortex |
meninges | three membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord, consisting of the dura mater, pia mater, and arachnoid mater |
autonomic nervous system (ANS) | nerves that carry involuntary impulses to smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and various glands |
hypochondriasis | a preoccupation with thoughts of disease and concern that one is suffering from a serious condition that persists despite medical reassurance to the contrary |
dyslexia | a developmental disability characterized by difficulty understanding written or spoken words, sentences, or paragraphs that affects reading, spelling, and self-expression |
intellectual disability | a condition of below average intelligence or mental ability and lack of skills necessary for day-to-day activities; there are varying degrees ranging from mild to profound. |
anorexia nervosa | a severe disturbance in eating behavior caused by abnormal perceptions about one's body weight, as evidenced by an overwhelming fear of becoming fat that results in a refusal to eat and body weight well below normal |
bulimia nervosa | an eating disorder characterized by binge eating followed by efforts to limit digestion through induced vomiting, use of laxatives, or excessive exercise. |
electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) | electrical shock applied to the brain to induce convulsions; used to treat patients with severe depression. |
hypochondriasis | a preoccupation with thoughts of disease and concern that one is suffering from a serious condition that persists despite medical reassurance to the contrary |
sedative | a drug that has a calming effect and quiets nervousness |
ADHD | attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder |
hemiparesis | partial paralysis of the right or left half of the body |
convulsion | to pull together; type of seizure that causes a series of sudden, involuntary contractions of muscles |
syncope | fainting |
tactile stimulation | evoking a response by touching |
paresthesia | abnormal sensation of numbness and tingling without objective cause |
astereognosis | inability to judge the form of an object by touch (e.g., a coin from a key) |
atopognosis | inability to locate a sensation properly, such as inability to locate a point touched on the body |