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NA1
Question | Answer |
---|---|
5 rights of delegation | Right task, Right circumstance, Right person, Right direction and communication, Right supervision and evaluation |
ADL's | Activities of Daily Living |
Who maintains the NA1 Registry | N.C. Health Care Personnel Education and Credentialing |
OBRA | Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act - improve quality of life in nursing home environment |
PASS ; for fire extinguisher use | Pull, Aim. Squeeze, Sweep |
RACE; in case of fire | Remove; Activate; Contain; Extinguish or Evacuate |
BEFAST; stroke / CVA | Balance; Eyes; Face; Arm; Speech; Time (911) |
CVA | Cerebrovascular Accident or stroke |
Define Hazard | Anything in the resident's environment that may cause illness or injury |
OBRA requires that room temp be at what range | 71 to 81 F |
Leading cause of fatal injury or trauma in the elderly pop. is | Falls |
Extrinsic Risk Factors would include what | Environmental hazards ; poor lighting, clutter, wet floor, broken equipment, incorrect fitting articles of clothing |
Intrinsic Risk Factors would include what | Conditions of the patient; over 65 yrs; medical condition; effects of medicine; age; balance and gait |
Define a Medical Emergency | A dire situation when a person's health or life is at risk |
Three Way process of communication | Sender; Receiver; Feedback |
What is the 5th vital sign | Pain |
Define Criminal Law | Offenses against the public and society |
Define Civil Law | Laws that deal with person to person |
Assault | Act of threatening to touch or attempting to touch a person w/o consent |
Battery | touching a person w/o consent |
False Imprisonment | Unlawful restraining or restricting a person's movement |
Invasion of Privacy | Violation of right to control personal information or the right to be left alone |
Abuse | Willful infliction of injury; unreasonable confinement; intimidation or punishment with resulting physical harm, pain or mental anguish |
Neglect | A failure to provide goods and services necessary to avoid physical harm, pain , mental anguish or emotional distress |
Negligence | Actions that result in injury to another |
Signs and Symptoms of Neglect | Dehydration , malnutrition, untreated pressure ulcers, poor personal hygiene, unclean conditions , resident report of neglect |
Define Objective Data | Observations using the senses ; Being able to record data |
Define Subjective Data | Information collected through communication; what is said; how they feel, not able to scientifically measure |
HIPAA | Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act; protects private information of health |
AD+PIE | Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implantation, Evaluation ; Must be done in this order and Assessment is always preformed |
Nursing Process is | METHOD used by nurses to plan and deliver nursing care to the resident; uses AD+PIE |
The first step in the Nursing Process | Assessment; Collecting Information about a resident |
The second step in the Nursing Process | Diagnosis; A health problem that nurses can treat using nursing measures |
The fourth step in the Nursing Process | Implementation ; Nursing measures carried out during resident care |
The third step in the Nursing Process | Planning; setting of resident goals that are prioritized |
The fifth step in the Nursing Process | Evaluation; deciding if nursing measures worked or goal was met |
The Nursing Care Plan (Care Plan) | INDIVIDUALIZED written plan of care, based on nursing process written by nurse |
The NA's role in the nursing process is | Assist the nurse in collecting information through interactions with the resident |
The NA's role when using the Care Plan | Assist nurse with collecting Data |
TPR & BP | Temperature, Pulse, Respiration and Blood Pressure |
VS | Vital Signs |
tid; t.i.d. | Three times a day |
a.c. | Before meals |
amb. | Ambulate |
a.p. ; AP | Apical Pulse |
bid; b.i.d. | Two times a day |
c/o | Complains of; in care of |
CXR | Chest X-ray |
drsg | Dressing |
Dx; dx | Diagnosis |
ETOH | Alcohol |
FF | Forced Fluids |
FWB | Full Weight Bearing |
H/A | Headache |
HOB | Head of Bed |
HS; hs | At Bedtime; may be set by facility or may be set by pt. |
I & O | Intake and Output |
LOC | Level of Consciousness or Level of Care |
LE | Lower Extremity |
MI | Myocardial Infarction |
NIBP | Non-Invasive Blood Pressure monitoring |
NKA | No Known Allergies |
NPO | Nothing by Mouth |
PCA | Patient Controlled Anesthesia |
os | Mouth |
Pt; pt | Patient |
qam | Every morning |
qd | Every day |
qh; qhr | Every hour |
q2h, q3h | Every 2 hours, Every 3 hours |
q.o.d | Every other day |
RF | Restrict Fluids |
ROM | Range of Motion |
RR | Respiratory Rate |
SOB | Short of Breath |
SP | Standard Precautions |
S&S; S/S | Signs and Symptoms |
URI | Upper Respiratory Infection |
Normal Range of Axillary Temp. | 96.6 - 98.6 ; Baseline is 97.6 |
Febrile Axillary | Equal or Greater than 100 |
Normal Range of Oral and Temporal Temp. | 97.6 - 99.6 ; Baseline is 98.6 |
Febrile Oral or Temporal Temp. | Equal or Greater than 101 |
Normal Range of Rectal Temp. | 98.6 - 100.6 ; Baseline is 99.6 |
Febrile rectal temp. | Equal or Greater than 102 |
Normal Range of Radial Pulse is | 60 - 100 BPM |
Tachycardia is how many BPM | Greater than 100 BPM |
Bradycardia is how many BPM | Less than 60 BPM |
Normal Range of Respiration | 12 - 20 |
Tachypnea would be | Greater than 20 per minute |
Bradypnea would be | Less than 12 per minute |
Normal Range of Systolic BP | 90 - 119 mmHg |
Normal Range of Diastolic BP | 60 - 79 mmHg |
Elevated SBP would be | 120 - 129 mmHg |
Hypertension SBP | Equal or Greater than 130 mmHg |
Normal Range of Oxygen Saturation Rate | 95 - 99 % |
Normal Range of Blood Glucose | 70 - 110 mg/dl |
After taking measurements, would do you do before recording data? | Wash Hands |
NPO | Nothing by mouth |
Supportive devices are | Orthotic devices, wheelchair, cane, walker,; Helps with movement |
Assistive Devices are | Helps in performing ADL's; Pillows. dishes/flatware, tools for clothing , bath and hygiene items |
Restorative care is | Care after rehab; To maintain functions and increase independence |
Hemiparesis | Weakness on one side of the body |
Hemiplegia | Paralysis on one side of the body |
Quadriplegia | Paralysis to upper and lower body |
Receptive Aphasia | Difficulty understanding spoken and written words |
Stasis Dermatitis | Skin condition of the lower legs/ Ankles from fluid build up under the skin. |
Stage 1 pressure injury | Redness over bony area |
Stage 2 pressure injury | Blister , closed or open |
Stage 3 pressure injury | Tissue loss down to the subcutaneous area |
Stage 4 pressure injury | Tissue loss down to the Muscle and/or Tendons |
Contracture is | Muscle or Tendons shorten, freeze, or become inflexible |
UAP | Unlicensed Assistive Personnel |
UTI | Urinary Tract Infection |
PROM | Passive Range of Motion |
POA | Power of Attorney |
NIDDM | Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus |
NNAAP | National Nurse Aide Assessment Program |
NCBON | N.C. Board of Nursing |
OSHA | Occupational Safety and Health Administration |
TED / TEDS | Thromboembolism Devices; Compression socks |
TED Hose / TED hoses | Compression socks |
RT | Respiratory Therapy / Therapist |
PT / P.T. | Physical Therapist or Therapy |
MI | Myocardial Infarction |
LTC | Long Term Care |
LPN | Licensed Practical Nurse |
HIPAA | Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act |
HOB | Head of Bed |
HTN | Hypertension |
IDDM | Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus |
DHSR | Division of Health Services Regulation |
DM | Diabetes Mellitus |
DNR | Do Not Resuscitate |
CPR | Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation |
COPD | Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease |
CNA | Certified Nursing Assistant |
CHF | Congestive Heart Failure |
Prefix Brady | Slow |
Prefix Tachy | Fast ; swift ; rapid |
Prefix Dys | Painful ; problem; bad |
Emesis | Vomiting |
Penia as a suffix | Lack; as in Leukopenia |
Phasia | Speaking |
Plegia as a suffix | Paralysis |
Pnea as suffix | Breathing |
SOB | Short of Breath |
AC/HS | Deals with diabetes; AC= Before Meal and HS= At bedtime |
POC | Plan of Care |
Dysphagia is | Painful or Problem eating or swallowing |
Dysphasia is | Problem with speech |
6 links in the chain of infection | 1. Causative Agent; 2. Reservoir; 3. Portal of Exit; 4. Transportation; 5. Portal of Entrance; 6. Susceptible Host |
Define Reservoir | People that have infectious organisms that live and grow in or on them and |
Carriers are | People that house the infectious organisms but show no symptoms or signs |
Standard Precautions | Aim to prevent the spread of infection; All Fluid, Mucous Membrane and Non Intact skin are treated as Infected |
5 essential times to preform hand hygiene | 1. Before touching resident; 2. Before performing aseptic procedure; 3. Body fluid exposure; 4. After touching resident; and 6. After touching resident surroundings |
Person is contagious of the Norovirus | At least 3 days after vomiting and diarrhea have stopped |
Does Alcohol sanitizer work against Norovirus | No |
The 2 levels of infection control are | Standard Precautions and Transmission Based Precautions |
Transmission Based Precautions are | Contact Precautions; Droplet Precautions; and Airborne Precautions |
Droplet Precautions | Droplets from cough; sneeze; singing; Close proximity |
Airborne Precautions | Harmful germs that can float in air within moisture or air currents |
Contact Precautions | Come into contact with, either Direct or Indirect |
Maslow's Hierarchy of needs | Physiological; Safety and Security; Love and Belonging; Self Esteem; Self Actualization |
NNAAP is | National Nurses Aide Assessment Program; state test, 5 skills, oral and written test |
AIIR is | Airborne Infection Isolation Room |
Benign Tumor | Non cancerous, does not move |
Malignant Tumor | Cancerous tumor |
Metastasis | Cancer breaks off and move to other parts of the body |
Organism | Systems that function together to perform common activity |
Cancer risks | Female Hormones, Obesity, Environment |
Deep Tissue Injury | Deep purple; Tissue that is affected will have different consistency, Injury starts at bone area and skin is last to be affected; Necrosis can set in. can occur from shearing. |
TKR | Total Knee Replacement |
CHF | Congestive Heart Failure; One or Both sides of the heart does not pump efficiently |
CAD | Coronary Artery Disease; coronary arteries become blocked |
PVD | Peripheral Vascular Disease; Poor circulation to Arms, Hands, Legs, Feet from fatty deposits |
Gastritis | Inflammation of the Stomach Lining |
GERD | Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease |
Ulcerative Colitis | Chronic Inflammation of the Colon |
CKD | Chronic Kidney Disease |
Hematuria | Blood in Urine |
Micturition | Urination or Voiding |
S/S of Renal Calculi | Nausea, vomiting, chills, fever, along with pain |
Cystitis | Bladder Infection |
Daily average output of urine is | 1000 mL to 1500mL / 1L - 1.5L |
S/S Hypoglycemia | Weakness, Shakiness, Sweating, Confusion, Hunger, H/A |
S/S Hyperglycemia | Weakness, Frequent Urination, Flushed Face, Dry Skin, Thirst / Dry Mouth, Low BP |
Fowlers Position | Reclined sitting position at 45 to 60 degrees |
High Fowlers Position | Sitting position at 60 to 90 degrees |
Supine position | Lying on back and being flat or level |
Sims position | Lying on Left side, with the right leg bent at the knee, usually for preforming rectal procedures. |
Prone position | Lying on Abdomen |
Lateral position | Lying on Left or Right side |
ABC of body mechanics | Alignment, Base of support, Coordination |
Term for Breathing substances into the lungs that do not belong there, can cause pneumonia or death | Aspiration |
Special diets are also called what | Therapeutic or Modified diets |
The suffix Stomy means | A surgical opening of a body part / region; Gastrostomy |
The suffix Tomy means | A incision made; Tracheotomy |
Restraints are ordered by who | Doctor |
Restraint pt. needs to be checked on at what time intervals | Every 15 minutes |
Restraints need to be removed at what time intervals and for what | Every 2 hours for a minimum of 15 minutes, to attend to basic needs |
Term used for blaming others | Projection |
Term used for making false reasons for a situation | Rationalization |
Term used for transferring feelings for one person onto another person | Displacement |
Term used for focusing on assisting pt. to find meaning in day to day life. | Activity- Base Care |
Term used for a state of confusion that is reversible and has a sudden onset | Delirium |
The 7 stages of Alzheimer's | 1. No memory problems 2. Minor memory problems 3. Difficult planning 4.Inability to manage finances 5. Significant confusion 6. Incontinence 7. Final stage near death |
Term used for sudden and temporary pain that can last up to 6 months | Acute pain Duration |
Term used for pain that last more than 6 months | Chronic pain Duration |
Chronic pain can slow down the body and cause what to happen to BP | Lowers BP and heart rate |
Term used for a lack of blood supply to area of tissue and can cause pain | Ischemia ; Can have Ischemic Pain |
5 stages of Grief | 1. Denial 2. Anger 3. Bargaining 4. Depression 5. Acceptance |
DOCUMENT THAT OUTLINES the medical care in case pt. can not make decisions | Living Will |
Signed Document that the pt. APPOINTS SOMEONE ELSE to make medical decisions if pt. can not. | Durable Health Care Power Of Attorney |
Term used for changing in skin color ( pale/blue) when death is near; usually in the extremities | Mottling |
A Living Will and Durable Health Care POA are considered what | Advance Directives |
2 Acts that allows people to refuse or accept treatment and Advance Directives | Patient Self-Determination Act and OBRA |
Term for inflammation of the Bladder from an infection | Cystitis |
Term for Degenerative Joint Disease (DJD) that affects the weight bearing joints | Osteoarthritis |
Term for Systemic crippling auto immune disease causing stiff, painful, swollen joints | Rheumatoid Arthritis |
Term for the spongy type of bone that breaks easily | Osteoporosis |
Term for Inappropriate laughing, crying , or expression of anger | Emotional Lability |
Term for disease that causes poor circulation to the legs, feet, arms, and hands from fatty deposits in the blood vessels | PVD; Peripheral Vascular Disease |
Term for difficult in breathing | Dyspnea |
Term for when one can not completely void bladder | Retention |
Term for kidney / bladder stones | Calculi |
Type of DM that is lifelong; Pancreas does not produce insulin or produce too little insulin | Type 1 DM |
Type of DM that starts around age 35; Pancreas produces insulin, but is not used well to control sugar uptake | Type 2 DM |
Term for when the bladder drops down into the vaginal canal | Cystocele |
Term for when the rectum shifts down towards the vaginal canal | Rectocele |
Term for when a pelvic organ drops into the vaginal canal | Prolapse |
Term for when the uterus shifts down towards the vaginal canal | Uterine Prolapse |
Term for the defense mechanism to going back to past behavior | Regression |
Term for the defense mechanism when blaming others | Projection |
Term for the defense mechanism when transferring feelings about one person to another | Displacement |
Term for the defense mechanism when blocking painful events | Repression |
Term for the defense mechanism for false reason for situation | Rationalization |
AKA | Above knee amputation |
ant. | Anterior |
AROM | Active Range of Motion |
BKA | Below knee amputation |
BM | Bowel Movement |
BR | Bedrest |
BRP | Bathroom Privileges |
c | with |
CHD | Coronary Heart Disease |
CRF | Chronic Renal Failure |
DKA | Diabetic Ketoacidosis |
FH | Family History |
fld | Fluid |
f/u ; F/U | Follow up |
fx | Fracture |
Hx | History |
inc | incontinent |
LUQ | Left Upper Quadrant |
OOB | Out Of Bed |
O.D. | Right Eye |
O.S. | Left Eye |
O.U. | Both Eyes |
pc / p.c. | After meals |
per os | By Mouth |
p.r.n. / prn | When Neccesary |
qhs | Every night at bedtime |
qid / q.i.d. | Four times a day |
THR | Total Hip Replacement |
W/A ; WA | While Awake |
WNL | Within Normal Limits |
q | Every |
HOH | Hard of Hearing |
HS | At Bedtime |
loss of urine caused by cognitive, physical, or environment reasons | Functional incontinence |
– loss of urine due to bladder overflow or distention | Overflow incontinence |
– loss of urine with sneezing or coughing | Stress incontinence |
– involuntary loss of urine from a sudden urge to void | Urge incontinence |
CKD can be prevented from advancing into further stages by | controlling diabetes, maintain healthy blood pressure, exercise, and maintain a healthy weight |
Major cause for HTN is | Atherosclerosis |
CMS | Center for Medicare Services |
CMS defines 2 types of pressure injury outcomes | Unavoidable and Avoidable |
Term for Inflammation of the mouth is | Stomatitis |
Another name for Pressure Ulcers | Decubitus Ulcers |
Process of pt. diets are | Ordered by a doctor and planned by a dietician |
Term for nutrients that enter through the GI tract, either orally or with a NG tube | Enteral Nutrients |
Term for nutrients that enter through the Veins | Parenteral Nutrients |
6 Nutrients are | Water, Fats, Carbs, Protein, Vitamins, Minerals |
1 oz. equals how many mL | 30 mL |
Term for when food is gradually reintroduced to a pt. | Advanced Diet |
OBRA requires food to be | o Appetizing, smells and looks good o Varied in color and texture o Served at the correct temperature o Served promptly o Prepared to meet individual needs |
OBRA also requires food to be | • Other foods are offered if food serve is refused • Each person receives at least 3 meals a day, with the offer of a bedtime snack • Assistive devices and utensils provided as needed |
Clear Liquids | Post-operative, acute illness, infection, nausea/vomiting, prepare for GI procedures |
Full Liquids | Next step after clear liquids, fever, nausea/ vomiting, resident unable to chew/swallow/digest solid foods |
Mechanical Soft | Next step after full liquids, fever, nausea/ vomiting, resident unable to chew/swallow/digest solid food |
Restraints – Risks | Aspiration, skin issues, fx, death from strangulation, constipation, inc. , dehydration, uti., edema, nerve damage, mental issues, depression, pneumonia. |
Restraints should have how much room | o Should allow 1 finger between |
Term for the defense mechanism of pretending a problem does not exist | Denial – |
Term for the defense mechanism of making up for a situation in some other way | Compensation – |