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South Asia Terms
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Monsoon | the seasonal reversal of wind and moisture flows in certain parts of the subtropics and lower-middle latitudes |
Indo-European languages | the major world language family that dominates the European geographic realm |
Dravidian languages | the language family, indigenous to the South Asian realm, that dominates southern India today |
Partition | the subdivision of the British Indian Empire into India and Pakistan at the end of colonial rule on August 15, 1947 |
Forward capital (example) | capital city positioned in actually or potentially contested territory, usually near an international border. an example is Islamabad |
Population density | the number of people per unit area |
Physiologic density | the number of people per unit area of arable land |
Demographic transition | a multi-stage model based on western Europe’s experience of changes in population growth exhibited by countries undergoing industrialization |
Fertility rate | the average number of children born to women of childbearing age in a given population |
Population pyramid | graphic representation or profile of a national population according to age and gender |
Sex ratio | a demographic indicator showing the ratio of males to females in a given population |
Communal tension | persistent stress among a country’s sociocultural groups that can often erupt into communal violence, particularly in India |
Hindutva | “Hinduness” as expressed through Hindu nationalism, Hindu heritage, and/or Hindu patriotism |
Caste system | the strict social stratification and residential segregation of people—specifically in India’s Hindu society—on the basis of ancestry and occupation |
Outsourcing | the subcontracting of specific business tasks, such as subscriptions or payroll, to another, specialized, company (sometimes abroad), at lower cost |
Non-governmental organization (NGO) | a legitimate organization that operates independently from any form of government and does not function as a for-profit business |
Micro-credit | small loans extended to poverty-stricken borrowers who would not otherwise qualify for them |
Buffer state | a country or set of countries separating ideological or political adversaries |
Taliban | refers to the Islamist militia group that emerged from madrassas in Pakistan and ruled neighboring Afghanistan between 1996 and 2001 |
al-Qaeda | the terrorist organization that evolved into an expanding global network under the directorship of Usama bin Laden. it sought to coordinate the efforts of once loosely allied Muslim revolutionary movements |
Rising sea level | one of the expected major impacts of global climate change on the world ocean resulting from the large-scale melting of Arctic and Antarctic ice |
Drone warfare | the use of remote-controlled unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) as delivery systems to conduct military attacks |