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The Postpartal

The Postpartal Period

QuestionAnswer
is the six-week period starting from the childbirth, during which the reproductive organs undergo physical & physiological changes Puerperium
The term____________ refers to the woman in puerperium. Puerpera
The placental site heals without scarring. This process is called Exfoliation
Discomfort secondary to contractions of the uterus Afterpains
Vaginal flow after delivery consisting of blood from placental site, mucus & sheds of deciduas, epithelial cells & bacteria. It is characteristically alkaline in reaction with a heavy but not offensive odor. Lochia
Standardized estimation of the amount of lochia Scant – blood on tissue only when wiped (or a less-than-2-inch stain) Light – leass-than-4-inch stain on the peripad Moderate – less-than-6-inch stain on the peripad Heavy – a peripad saturated within 1 hour
Types of lochia Lochia rubra Lochia serosa Lochia alba
Lochia Rubra days 1-3; red to bright red; moderate in amount; with blood, small amount of clots & decidual tissue
Lochia Serosa days 4-10; pinkish to brownish; scanty; with serous fluid, erythrocytes, leucocytes & small amount of decidual tissue.
Lochia Alba days 10 -14; whitish-yellow, creamy, slight, with leucocytes, & decreased amount of decidual tissue; may last up to 6 weeks postpartum for some.
Abnormalities of lochia and their corresponding causes Retained products Puerperal sepsis/Infection Subinvolution of uterus
ESSENTIAL OBJECTIVES OF NURSING CARE IN PUERPERIUM Promote uterine involution Promote successful breastfeeding Prevent common discomfort of puerperium Provide psychological support Initiate contraception Prevent complications
also known as the rhythm method, & is the female natural family planning method. Ovulation is predicted using one, a combination of two, or all of the calendar method, basal body temperature (BBT), cervical mucus changes. Ovulation Prediction Method
methods involve ABSTINENCE from intercourse or avoidance of unprotected vaginal intercourse during the fertile periods. FERTILITY-BASED
identifying the slight rise in BBT (fertile period: 3 days before ovulation plus 1 day after). BBT method
identification of fertile mucus, which is clear, slippery, stringy, & stretchable (positive spinnbarkeit test) Billing’s Method (cervical mucus method):
for estimating period of fertility Ogino-knaus Formula
A combination usually of 2 methods (Billing’s/cervical secretions + BBT) or 3 methods (cervical secretions + BBT + calendar). Symptom-thermal Method or Multi-index Method
TEMPORARY/REVERSIBLE METHODS OF CONTRACEPTION ORAL CONTRACEPTIVE PILL (OCP) EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTION INJECTABLE CONTRACEPTIVES HORMONAL IMPLANT INTRAUTERINE DEVICE (IUD) VAGINAL METHODS: DIAPHRAGM, CERVICAL CAP & SPERMICIDES CONDOM: MALE BARRIER
Contains estrogen & progestin Combined Oral Contraceptives (COC)
Contains only progestin; commonly termed “minipill”; also called POP of “Progestin-Only Pills” Progestin-only Contraceptives
Common Side-Effects of COCs/POPs Nausea (most common in the first 3 months) Mild h/a; tender breasts Spotting b/w periods (most common in the first 3 months) Moodiness Slight weight gain
The “morning- after pill” or postcoital contraception; available to prevent unintended pregnancy EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTION
PERMANENT METHODS: SURGICAL METHODS FEMALE STERILIZATION MALE STERILIZATION: VASECTOMY
Provides permanent contraception for women who will not want more children; also called voluntary surgical contraception (VSC), tubal ligation (TL) or bilateral tubal ligation (BTL), minilap, “the operation.” FEMALE STERILIZATION
Provides PERMANENT CONTRACEPTION; also called male sterilization & male surgical contraception MALE STERILIZATION: VASECTOMY
MALE STERILIZATION: VASECTOMY 2 Methods Traditional: scalpel/incision New: no scalpel (just a small puncture)
Created by: Krxtyn_cabs
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