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Ch 8-11 Key Terms
Maternity and Pediatric
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| android pelvis | the typical male pelvis; in the woman, the heart shape of the android pelvis is not favorable to a vaginal delivery |
| anthropoid pelvis | woman's pelvis that is elongated in its dimensions and is sometimes referred to as apelike |
| caput succedaneum | edematous swelling of the soft tissues of the scalp caused by prolonged pressure of the occiput against the cervix during labor and delivery. edema disappears within a few days |
| cardinal movements | the turns and movements made during the journey of the fetus -referred to as mechanisms of delivery |
| cephalohematoma | collection of blood between the periosteum and the skull caused by excessive pressure on the head during birth -also called cephalhematoma |
| diagonal conjugate | area that extends from the symphysis pubis to the sacral promontory, which is measured to provide an estimate of the size of the obstetric conjugate |
| effacement | softening and shortening of the cervix during labor |
| engaged | the presenting part of the fetus has settled into the true pelvis at the level of the ischial spines |
| false pelvis | the flared upper portion of the bony pelvis |
| fetal attitude | the relationship of the fetal parts to one another |
| fetal lie | the long axis of the fetus in relation the long axis of the pregnant woman |
| fetal presentation | the foremost part of the fetus that enters the pelvic inlet |
| gynecoid pelvis | categorized as a typical female pelvis (only half of women have this type) -the rounded shape of the gynecoid inlet allows the fetus room to negotiate the dimensions of the bony passageway |
| molding | elongation of the fetal skull to accommodate the birth canal |
| obstetric conjugate | the smallest diameter of the inlet through which the fetus must pass |
| platypelloid pelvis | pelvis that is flat in its dimensions with a very narrow anterior-posterior diameter and a wide transverse diameter -this shape makes it extremely difficult for fetus to pass through body pelvis |
| station | the relationship of the presenting part of the fetus to the ischial spines |
| true pelvis | the portion of the pelvis below the linea terminalis |
| analgesia | the use of medication to reduce the sensation of pain |
| anesthesia | the use of medication to partially or totally block all sensation to an area of the body |
| doula | birth assistants who are trained to provide the highest quality emotional, physical, and educational support to women and their families during childbirth and the postpartum period |
| effleurage | a form of touch that involves light circular fingertip movements on the abdomen -technique women can use in early labor |
| intrathecal administration | injection into the cerebrospinal fluid by lumbar puncture |
| opioids | medications with opium-like properties - also called narcotic analgesics -most frequently administered medications to provide analgesia during labor |
| accelerations | spontaneous elevations of the fetal heart rate (FHR) |
| amnioinfusion | infusion of sterile fluid into the uterine cavity during labor |
| early deceleration | the dip in the fetal heart rate (FHR) tracing that occurs in conduction with and miters a uterine contraction |
| episodic changes | variations in the fetal heart rate not associated with uterine contractions |
| late decelerations | decelerations that are offset from the labor contraction. Late decelerations begin late in the contraction and recover after the contraction has ended |
| lochia | uterine discharge composed of blood, mucus, tissue, and white blood cells during the postpartum period |
| open-glottis pushing | method of expelling the fetus that is characterized by pushing with contractions using an open glottis so that air is released during the pushing effort |
| periodic changes | variations in the fetal heart rate (FHR) pattern that occur in conduction with uterine contractions |
| ritual | a routine -in labor, a repeated series of actions that the woman uses as an individualized way of dealing with the discomfort of labor |
| urge-to-push method | method of expelling the fetus in which the woman bears down only when she feels the urge to do so using any technique that feels right to her |
| uteroplacental insufficiency | diminished or deficient blood flow to the uterus and placenta |
| variability | fluctuation in the fetal heart rate (FHR) |
| variable deceleration | a change in the FHR that may occur at any point during a contraction and has a jagged, erratic shape on the electronic fetal monitor (EFM) tracing |
| vigorous pushing | method of expelling the fetus in which the woman is told to take a deep breath, hold the breath, and push while counting to 10. She is encouraged to complete three "good" pushes in this manner with each contraction |
| amniotomy | artificial rupture of membranes (AROM) |
| cesarean birth | the delivery of a fetus through abdominal and uterine incisions -laparotomy and hysterectomy, respectively. |
| chorioamnionitis | bacterial or viral infection of the amniotic fluid and membranes |
| elective induction | induction of labor in which the physician and the women decide to end the pregnancy in the absence of a medical reason to do so |
| episiotomy | a surgical incision made into the perineum to enlarge the vaginal opening just before the baby is born |
| fetal fibronectin | a protein found in fetal membranes and amniotic fluid |
| forceps | metal instruments with curved, blunted blades (somewhat like large hollowed-out spoons) that are placed around the head of the fetus by the birth attendant to facilitate delivery |
| laminaria | cervical dilators |
| perioperative period | the period of time encompassing the surgical procedure that has three phases; preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative |
| time out | one part of the Universal Protocol developed to reduce the incidence of wrong site, wrong procedure, and wrong person surgery. Each member of the surgical team and the patient stop right before the procedure to confirm agreement its all right |
| vacuum extraction | procedure used to assist delivery in which the birth attendant places a suction cup (usually a soft silicone cup) on the fetal head and applies suction |
| vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC) | delivery of an infant vaginally when a previous delivery has been a cesarean birth |
Created by:
ahoyyitbeaddi
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