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Ch 14, 15, 16, 18
Mental Health Nursing
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Antisocial Personality Disorder | a pattern of irresponsible, exploitive, and guiltless behavior with tendency to fail to conform to the law and exploit/manipulate others for personal gain. -sociopathic personality |
| Avoidant Personality Disorder | individual with extreme sensitivity to rejection leading to avoidance of social contracts |
| Boderline Personality Disorder | a disorder characterized by a pattern of intense and chaotic relationships with emotional instability and tendency toward self-destructive behavior |
| Histrionic Personality Disorder | associated with extreme dramatic, excessive behaviors in someone who has a pattern of strong emotions |
| Narcissistic Personality Disorder | a disorder that displays exaggerated self-love and self-importance |
| Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) | presence of obsessions and compulsions that the individual feels compelled to think about and perform that interfere with daily functioning |
| Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder | characterized by preoccupation with rules, orderliness, and control |
| Paranoid Personality Disorder | consistent pattern of suspiciousness and mistrust that interferes with functioning in society |
| Personality | sum of the behaviors and character traits of a person |
| Personality Disorder | non psychotic, maladaptive behavior that is used to satisfy the self |
| Schizoid Personality Disorder | a pattern of extreme detachment from social relationships and a restricted range of emotional responses |
| Schizotypal Personality Disorder | a personality disorder characterized by odd and eccentric behaviors but not to the degree of schizophrenia |
| Self-Mutilating Behavior | deliberate, self-injurious behavior such as cutting with the intent of causing nonfatal injury to attain the relief of tension |
| Splitting | defense mechanism often used in those with borderline personality disorders when there is difficulty assimilating both positive and negative aspects of a situation |
| Catatonia | rigidity and inflexibility of muscles, resulting in immobility or extreme agitation |
| Delusions | fixed, false beliefs relating usually to persecution or grandeur |
| Echolalia | repetition of phrases, words, or part of a word -often part of catatonia |
| Echopraxia | repeating the movements of others |
| Extrapyramidal Symptoms (EPS) | a variety of responses associated with drugs that antagonize the dopamine receptors outside the pyramidal tract, causing a variety of effects including tremors and rigidity |
| Hallucinations | false sensory perception -can affect any of the 5 senses |
| Illusions | misperceptions of a real external stimulus |
| Psychosis | a mental state in which there is a severe loss of contact with reality |
| Schizophrenia | serious mental health disorder characterized by impaired communication, alteration of reality, and deterioration of personal and vocational functioning |
| Schizoaffective Disorder | a disorder manifested by schizophrenic behaviors with a strong element of mood disorders, including depression or mania |
| Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder | the gradient of psychopathology seen in schizophrenia from least to most severe |
| Agnosia | loss of ability to recognize objects |
| Agraphia | difficulty writing and drawing |
| Alzheimer's Disease | a form of progressive dementia |
| Apraxia | inability to carry out motor activities despite intact motor function |
| Chemical Restraint | use of medication as a restriction to manage behavior or restrict patient freedom of movement |
| Delirium | acute brain syndrome -rapid onset of cognitive impairments such as loss of memory and disorientation |
| Dementia | gradual progression and deterioration of cognitive functioning that interferes with memory, language, and/or executive functions, such as organizing and abstraction -major neurocognitive disorder |
| Major Neurocognitive Disorder | an acquired decline in mental ability severe enough to interfere with independence and daily life |
| Mild Neurocognitive Disorder | less severe form of cognitive impairment than dementia |
| Neurocognitive Disorder | clinically significant deficits in cognition or memory representing a major change from previous level of functioning |
| Nocturnal Delirium | increased confusion and agitation at dusk |
| Physical Restraint | any physical method of restricting an individual's freedom of movement, activity, or normal access to his/her body that cannot be easily removed |
| Pseudodementia | depression in the elderly that mimics dementia |
| Vascular Dementia | dementia caused by disruption in blood flow to brain, as in strokes |
| Anorexia Nervosa | serious aversion to food, which can lead to malnutrition and death |
| Binge Eating Disorder | recurrent episodes of binge eating that leads to feelings of distress -not associated with purging |
| Body Image | individual's perception of his or her body |
| Body Mass Index (BMI) | an approximation of body fat based on a calculation of weight divided by the square of one's height in adults |
| Bulimia Nervosa | eating disorder in which a person experiences eating binges along with purging |
| Morbid Obesity | condition of being abnormally overweight -weight that is 100 pounds or more above established norms |
| Obesity | a body mass index greater than 30 |
| Purging | the act of attempting to rid the body of calories by self-induced vomiting or the excessive use of laxatives or diuretics |
| Negative symptoms | found in those without schizophrenia disorder, but not those with lack of desire/motivation to accomplish goals, to form social relationships, inappropriate social behaviors, blunted affect and emotion |
| Positive symptoms | found in those with schizophrenia but not in those without -excess or distortion of normal functions, delusions, thought disorders, hallucinations |
| Example of Delusions of grandeur | "I am Napoleon Bonaparte" |
| Example of Delusions of Paranoia | "The FBI is following me and wants to kill me" |
| Example of Delusions of Reference | "Those people on the TV show are talking to me" |
| Example of Delusions of Physical sensations | "I have no blood in me" |
| Example of Delusions of Thought insertion | "The devil made me say that" |
| Depression in the elderly can be confused with dementia with the following symptoms: | -forgetfulness -little effort to complete responsibilities -limited communication |
| What are the official causes of death for people with Alzheimer's disease? | -aspiration pneumonias -infections -complications from falls ^all outcomes of immobility, swallowing disorders, and malnutrition |
| Mild Alzheimer's disease (early-stage) | -problems coming up with right word/name -trouble remembering names with new people -challenges performing tasks in social/work settings -forgetting what was just read -losing/misplacing valuable object -increase trouble with planning/organizing |
| Moderate Alzheimer's disease (middle-stage) | -forget events/one's personal history -moody/withdrawn -unable to recall own address/phone number -confusion with location/day -help with seasonal clothing -trouble controlling bladder/bowels -change in sleep pattern (nocturnal) -wandering/lost |
| Severe Alzheimer's disease (late-stage) | -round clock assistance with ADLs -lose awareness of recent experiences/surroundings -changes in physical abilities, walk/sit/swallow -vulnerable to infections, especially pneumonia |
| Characteristics of Delirium | -fluctuating levels of awareness -sudden onset -clouding consciousness -hallucinations/illusions -memory disturbances for recent events -highly distractible -reversibility possible with treatment |
| Characteristics of Dementia | -slow/insidious onset, no fluctuation -deterioration cognitive ability -impaired long/short term memory -personality changes -focus on one thing for long time -usually irreversible |
| Successful weight loss programs need to include: | -behavioral management activities such as setting weight-loss goals -improving diet or nutrition/increasing physical activity -addressing barriers to change/self-monitoring -strategizing how to maintain lifestyle changes |
Created by:
ahoyyitbeaddi
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