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Endocrine
Pediatric Endo Conditions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What causes precocious puberty? | Early maturation and development of sex characteristics from premature activation of gonadotropic hormones |
| The development of secondary sex characteristics is defined at which age groups for girls and for boys? | Girls <8yrs Boys <9yrs |
| What are symptoms of growth hormone deficiency? | Short stature but proportional Ht & Wt Delayed epiphyseal closure Increased insulin sensitivity Under developed jaw Delayed sex development |
| What preliminary test is used to diagnose GH deficiency? | A serum iGf-1 |
| What education is important for GH injection (somatoptropin) replacement? | Inform there are no significant SEs in appropriate doses Proper technique for SQ injection 6-7 days/week; stress need for compliance GH will increase muscle growth & self-esteem GH Criteria = Radiologic evidence of epiphyseal closure |
| List specific symptoms of Acute Renal Disease (ARD) | Oliguria and Anuria |
| When a healthy child develops Acute Renal Disease w/o obvious cause, evaluate history of what conditions? | Glomorularnephropathy Obstructive uropathy Toxic exposures |
| Anticipate which labs to diagnose/monitor Acute Renal Disease? | Assess kidney functions: BUN, creatinine, pH, Na, K, Ca |
| What is the definition of Acute renal disease? | Inability of kidneys to excrete wast, concentrate urine & conserve electrolytes |
| A child with Chronic Renal Failure, the goal of nutrition is to provide adequate calories and protein for growth. However, phosphorus may be restricted, K is restricted if oliguria or anuria occurs, and protein and milk may need to be reduced. T or F | True |
| What are common medications for renal failure? | Mannitol (Acute), Furosemide (Acute or Chronic), thiazide (Chronic) Beta-blockers and vasodilators for severe HTN Phosphorus binding agents Ca, Vit D (active form), Sodium Bicarb Folic Acid & erythropoietin |
| What causes Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS)? | Diarrhea positive (D+) E. Coli Diarrhea negative (D-) (nonenteric infections, disturbances in complement system, malignancies, or genetic disorders |
| Teaching points for Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS)? | Avoid undercooked meats (temp >165F/74C) Avoid unpasteurized juices and unwashed raw vegetables & alfalfa sprouts Avoid public pools No antimotility meds for diarrhea |
| What causes Nephrotic Syndrome in children? | Primary: Kidney diseases such as minimal change nephropathy, membranous nephropathy, and focal glomerulosclerosis Secondary: Systemic diseases such as diabetes, lupus, and amyloidosis |
| What are common labs to diagnose UTI? | Labs: UA - 24hr collection, Proteinuria: Protein >2+, Hyaline casts, Few RBCs, Oval fat bodies Serum Chem: Hypoalbuminemai: decrease serum protein/albumin, Hyperlipidemia: increased serum lipids, Hemoconcentration: Increased Hgb, Hct, plateletes |
| Pediatric Nursing Care for UTI | Ecourage frequent voiding/complete bladder empty Encourage fluids Monitor urine output Prepare child for diagnostic tests Administer mild analgesic (acetaminophen) |
| What is Enuresis most commonly called? | "Bedwetting" formal term indicates alterations in toilet training, voiding behaviors & BMs |
Created by:
SMarrari
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