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Musculoskeletal
Peds
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Congenital Hip Dysplasia | Ball and socket joint of hip not properly formed. Hip attaches to thigh bone. Congenital |
| Congenital Hip Dysplasia S/SX | Leg shorter on one side, pain, swelling, decreased activity, narrow stance, decreased ROM |
| Congenital Hip Dysplasia Diagnostic | X-ray, CT scan |
| Congenital Hip Dysplasia Treatment | Weight reduction, exercise restriction, joint fluid modifiers, medications |
| Congenital Hip Dysplasia Assessment | Baseline physical, pain assessment |
| Clubfoot | Feet or foot rotated internally at the ankle. Foot points down and inward, soles of feet face each other. Idiopathic, exact cause unknown. |
| Clubfoot S/SX | Foot short/broad, heel points downward. Achilles tendon tight, calf muscle smaller, heel narrow |
| Clubfoot Diagnostic | Ultrasound, prenatally as early as 13 weeks |
| Clubfoot Treatment | Non-surgical methods, stretching, casting and bracing. |
| Clubfoot Assessment | CAVE, Cavus, Adductus, Varus, Equinus |
| Osteogenesis Imperfecta | Genetic disorder, affecting bones, imperfect bone formation. Bones easily break. Mutation of COL1A1 and COL1A2 |
| Osteogenesis Imperfecta S/SX | Weak muscles, malformed bones, loose joints, blue or purple sclera, breathing problems, brittle teeth, bowed legs, triangular face. |
| Osteogenesis Imperfecta Diagnostic | Family history, clinical presentation, x-ray, bone density test, bone biopsy. |
| Osteogenesis Imperfecta Treatment | IV Pamidronate, Risedronate. Goal is prevention of deformity, treat symptoms, nutrition |
| Osteogenesis Imperfecta Assessment | Physical exam, collagen synthesis analysis, prenatal DNA mutation analysis, bone mineral density, x-ray, ultrasonography |
| Scoliosis | Lateral curing of spine. Idiopathic, congenital or secondary to other disorder |
| Scoliosis S/SX | SOB, pain, immobility, deformity, one shoulder blade higher than other, uneven hips, back and joint pain |
| Scoliosis Diagnostic | X=ray, CT scan, spinal radiograph, MRI |
| Scoliosis Treatment | Maintain breathing pattern, treat pain, correct curve-surgical or brace |
| Scoliosis Assessment | Adams Forward Bending test, physical, respiratory pattern. |
| Arthritis/JIA Rheumatoid | Elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-Reactive protein cause inflammation |
| Arthritis/JIA Rheumatoid S/SX | Joint pain, tenderness, swelling, warmth, redness, stiffness, limited ROM |
| Arthritis/JIA Rheumatoid Diagnostic | Physical exam, x-ray, blood tests, RA test |
| Arthritis/JIA Rheumatoid Treatment | NSAIDS, Steroids, Corticosteroids, biologic agents, DMARDS, rest, stretching, mild exercise |
| Arthritis/JIA Rheumatoid Assessment | Physical exam, pain assessment, vital, PMH |
| Lupus | Long term autoimmune disease |
| Lupus S/SX | Inflammation, swelling, damage to joints, skin, kidneys, blood, heart and lungs, photosensitivey |
| Lupus Diagnostic | ANA test, urine test |
| Lupus Treatment | NSAIDS, corticosteroids, antimalarial drugs, BLyS specific inhibitors, immunosuppressive agents |
| Lupus Assessment | ANA test, urine test,assess for malar rash, skin rash, mouth or nose ulcers |
| Osteomyelitis | Bone Infection. Bacterial infection in bloodstream cause by staphylococcus |
| Osteomyelitis S/SX | Fever, irritability, fatigue, nausea, tenderness, redness, swelling, limited ROM |
| Osteomyelitis Diagnostic | Bacterial culture, bone biopsy, MRI |
| Osteomyelitis Treatment | Drain infected area, remove diseased bone/tissue, restore blood flow, amputate limb, remove foreign objects |
| Osteomyelitis Assessment | Physical exam, MRI, bone biopsy, bacterial culture |
| Traumatic Injury | Caused by various forces outside body, blunt trauma, falls, traffic crashes, assaults, burns |
| Traumatic Injury S/SX | Concussions, bone breaks, brain injury, burns, seizures, LOC, nausea/vomit |
| Traumatic Injury Diagnostic | X-ray, MRI, CT scan |
| Traumatic Injury Treatment | Rest, immobilization, pain medications, surgical procedure |
| Traumatic Injury Assessment | Baseline physical, neurological exam |
| Fractures | Open/Closed/Incomplete- closed does not break through skin, Open breaks through skin- Causes-Falls, accidents, assaults, blunt trauma, burns |
| Fractures S/SX | Pain, swelling, bruising, discolored skin, angulation, non-weight bearing, immobility, loss of sensation |
| Fractures Diagnostic | X-ray, CT scan, physical exam |
| Fractures Treatment | Stop bleeding, immobilize, apply ice, treat for shock, antibiotics, tetanus, irrigation |
| Fractures Assessment | Determine threat of fracture, baseline vitals, assess bleeding |
Created by:
abcdoula
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