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CNA Study ch 5-7
Material for CNA certification exam from Hartman's Nursing Assistant Care 4th ed
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which state exam procedures require gloves? | PPE Bedpan Urinary output Pericare Catheter Mouth care Dentures Bed bath Foot care |
| Which state exam procedures don't require gloves? | Hand hygiene Ambulate Transfer Position on side Blood pressure Pulse Respiration count Weight Dress TED hose Feeding ROM arm ROM leg |
| What do you always have to do before leaving a resident's room? | Check that bed is in lowest, locked position and that the resident has the call button within reach of their stronger hand. Wash hands. |
| What do you always do when you enter a resident's room? | Knock first. After being acknowledged say hello with proper addressing of resident's name, state your name and that you are a CNA, and tell the resident what you plan to do. Privacy curtain. Wash hands. |
| What is "infection prevention?" | The set of methods practiced in a health care facility to prevent and control the spread of disease |
| What is a microorganism | Abbreviated MO. Also called microbe. Living thing that is so small it is only visible under a microscope. |
| What are harmful microorganisms called? | Pathogens |
| What is an infection? | Pathogens multiply and invade the body |
| What are the two main types of infections? | Localized - limited to a specific location in the body -- usually causing red, swollen, painful and warm areas near a wound Systemic -- affects the entire body and travels through the bloodstream causing symptoms like fever, chills and mental confusion |
| What is a health-care associated infection? | Abbreviated HAI Infection acquired in a healthcare setting during the delivery of medical care |
| What are signs and symptoms of localized infection? | Pain redness swelling pus drainage heat |
| What are signs and symptoms of systemic infection? | Fever Body aches Chills Nausea Vomiting Weakness Headache Mental confusion Drop in person's normal blood pressure |
| What is the chain of infection? | Way to describe how disease is transmitted from one human being to another; infection will stop if one (or more) of the links is broken Causative Agent Reservoir Portal of Exit Mode of Transmission Portal of Entry Susceptible Host |
| What is Mode of Transmission in the Chain of Infection? | How the pathogen travels Direct contact Indirect contact Airborne Droplets |
| What is the primary route of disease transmission with the healthcare setting? | Hands of the health care worker |
| What are examples of portals of entry? | nose, mouth, eyes, other mucous membranes, cuts in the skin, cracked skin |
| What is a mucous membrane? | Membranes that line body cavities that open to the outside of the body |
| What is the most important way to stop the spread of infection? | Washing hands / hand hygiene |
| What is medical asepsis? | measures used to reduce and prevent the spread of pathogens; used in all healthcare settings |
| What is surgical asepsis? | Sterile techniques that make an object or area completely free of all migroorganisms |
| Why are elderly at a higher risk for infection? | Weakened immune system (esp. chronic disease) Decreased circulation slow wound healing malnutrition dehydration limited mobility more frequent hospitalization pressure injury conditions weaker skin longer recovery from colds |
| What government agencies are most important with respect to precautions against infection? | Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) |
| What are the two levels of precaution described by the CDC and what part of the chain of infection do they disrupt? | Standard Precautions Transmission-based Precautions Disrupts the Mode of Transmission part of the chain |
| With whom must the NA use Standard Precautions? | Every resident/patient -- all people under the NA's care |
| What does it mean to follow Standard Precautions? | Treating all bodily fluids (except sweat), all nonintact skin and all mucous membranes as if they were infected. |
| How do Standard Precautions stop the spread of disease? | By interrupting the mode of transmission |
| What are glove guidelines for NAs to use Standard Precautions? | Wash hands before donning gloves and immediately after doffing gloves Wear gloves if you may come in contact with potentially infected materials Remove gloves immediately after a procedure Wear gloves when handling sharps |
| What are gown guidelines for NAs according to Standard Precautions? | Wear a disposable gown that is resistant to body fluids - if contact with body fluids is possible -when a resident has a contagious illness even if it is not likely you will come into contact with blood or body fluids |
| What are Standard Precautions for NAs with respect to sharps? | Wear gloves Use caution Avoid nicks / cuts when shaving When done with sharp, place in biohazard container for sharps Do not discard into biohazard container not designated for sharps Dispose of at the point of origin |
| What are Sharps? | Needles, or other sharp objects |
Created by:
lynnevanarsdale
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