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Pediatrics-Wk 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| therapeutic care that minimizes or eliminates the psychological and physical distress experienced by children and their families in the health care system | atraumatic care |
| specially trained individual who provides programs that prepare children for hospitalization, surgery, and other procedures that could be painful | child life specialist |
| involves a partnership between the child, family, and health care providers in planning, providing, and evaluating care | family-centered care |
| use of this is effective during painful or invasive procedures | therapeutic hugging |
| is acquired when a person’s own immune system generates the immune response | active immunity |
| brief assessment procedures that identify children who warrant more intensive assessment and testing | developmental screenings |
| an ongoing collection of skilled observations made over time during health care visits | developmental surveillance |
| the ability to destroy and remove a specific antigen from the body | immunity |
| an approach to care that builds a long-term and comprehensive relationship with the family | medical home |
| is produced when the immunoglobulins of one person are transferred to another | passive immunity |
| performed by the physician or nurse practitioner in conjunction with the child and includes objective as well as subjective data to determine the likelihood that the child will develop a condition | risk assessment |
| procedures or laboratory analyses used to identify children with a certain condition | screening tests |
| is done when a risk assessment indicates the child has one or more risk factors for the disorder | selective screening |
| an entire population is screened regardless of the child’s individual risk | universal screening |
| the condition of a child being less developed mentally or physically than is normal for its age | developmental delays |
| T or F? The nurse observes that a hospitalized 5-year-old child shows signs of distress when her mother leaves to get a cup of coffee. This child is experiencing the condition known as regression. | false; separation anxiety |
| the refusal to accept reality or fact, acting as if a painful event, thought or feeling did not exist | denial |
| the unconscious blocking of unacceptable thoughts, feelings and impulses | repression |
| the reversion to an earlier stage of development in the face of unacceptable thoughts or impulses | regression |
| the conscious process of pushing unwanted, anxiety-provoking thoughts, memories, emotions, fantasies and desires out of awareness | suppression |
| stages of separation anxiety | protest, despair, detachment |
| stage of separation anxiety: display of crying, agitation, rejection of others, anger, inconsolable grief | protest |
| stage of separation anxiety: is withdrawn and quiet without crying; displays apathy, depression, lack of interest, overall feelings of sadness | despair |
| stage of separation anxiety: uses coping mechanisms, displays resignation but not contentment, may have developmental delays | detachment |
| a nursing intervention that is defined as purposeful and directive use of toys or other materials to assist children in communicating their perception and knowledge of their world and to help in gaining mastery of their environment | therapeutic play |
| T or F? The nurse accurately explains to parents of a child with a fever that antipyretics will help change the course of the infection. | False. Antipyretics will not help change the course of the infection. |
| The nurse caring for a 4-year-old child documents headache, spasms, clamping of the jaw, difficulty swallowing, and stiff neck. What diagnosis is suspected? | tetanus |
| Small circumscribed changes in the color of skin that are neither raised (elevated) nor depressed | macules |
| A solid, rounded growth that is elevated from the skin | papules |
| a membranous and usually fluid-filled pouch (such as a cyst, vacuole, or cell); a small abnormal elevation of the outer layer of skin enclosing a watery liquid (blister); less than 1/2-cm in diameter | vesicle |
| A fluid-filled blister more than 1/2-cm in diameter with thin walls | bulla (bullae-more than one bulla) |
| Abnormal shedding or accumulation of an upper layer of skin (the stratum corneum) | scaling |
| a small collection of pus in the top layer of skin (epidermis) or beneath it in the dermis | pustule |
| a small mass of rounded or irregular shape; a small abnormal knobby bodily protuberance (as a tumorous growth or a calcification near an arthritic joint) | nodule |
| The nurse is assessing a child who presents with patches of scaling on the scalp and central hair loss. What fungal rash does this condition signify? | tinea capitis |
| The nurse is caring for a child with severe atopic dermatitis. Which of the following medications would be recommended for this condition? A. retinoids B. topical immune modulators C. silver sulfadiazine 1% D. systemic corticosteroids | b. topical immune modulators |
| T or F? The nurse is assessing a child for acne vulgaris and notes comedones plus papules localized on the face. This is classified as mild acne. | False. Comedones plus papules localized on the face is classified as moderate acne. |
| a chronic disorder: extreme itching and inflamed, reddened, and swollen skin; relapsing and remitting nature; in response to specific allergens (food, environmental, high/low ambient temperatures, perspiring, scratching, skin irritants, or stress | atopic dermatitis |
| immunity mediated by antibodies secreted by B cells | humoral immunity |
| cell-mediated immunity controlled by T cells | cellular immunity |
| the ability of healthcare providers to recognize and respect patients with diverse values, beliefs, behaviors and linguistic needs | culturally competent care |
| EMLA cream. How long do you wait before giving IM injection or venipuncture? | 60 minutes |
| EMLA cream. How long do you wait before deeper procedure such as lumbar puncture or bone marrow aspiration? | 2-3 hours |
| Diaper rash (diaper dermatitis) treatment | Allow the infant/child to go diaperless for a period of time each day to allow the rash to heal; blow-dry the diaper area/rash area with the dryer set on the warm (not hot) setting for 3 to 5 minutes; topical ointment |
| immunoglobulin found in mucous, saliva, tears, and breast milk; protects against pathogens | IgA |
| immunoglobulin that is part of the B cell receptor; activates basophils and mast cells | IgD |
| immunoglobulin that protects against parasitic worms; responsible for allergic reactions | IgE |
| immunoglobulin secreted by plasma cells in the blood; able to cross the placenta into the fetus | IgG |
| immunoglobulin that may be attached to the surface of a B cell or secreted into the blood; responsible for early stages of immunity | IgM |
| type of immunity baby receives from breastfeeding | passive immunity |
| immunization at birth | "B" (Hep B) |
| immunizations at 2 months | "B. DR. HIP" (Hep B, DTap, RV, Hib, IPV, PCV) |
| immunizations at 4 months | "DR. HIP" (DTap, RV, Hib, IPV, PCV) |
| immunizations at 6 months | "B. DR. HIP" (Hep B @ 6-12 months, DTap, RV, Hib, IPV @6-18 months, PCV) |
| developmental screening for ages birth to 6 years | Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ) |
| developmental screening for ages 2.5-7; screens for articulation disorders | Denver Articulation Screening |
| Child arrives at clinic: rash on trunk & flexor areas of arms/legs. Mother tells nurse that rash began day before on ext. surfaces of arms/legs; 2 days before, child had a bad rash on face. Child diagnosed with erythema infectiosum, also known as what? | fifth disease |
| A chief danger of scarlet fever is that children may develop? | acute glomerulonephritis |
| humoral or cellular immunity? lymphocytes are B cells | humoral immunity |
| humoral or cellular immunity? secrete antibodies to viruses and bacteria | humoral immunity |
| humoral or cellular immunity? recognize antigens; antibodies mark the antigen cell for destruction; do not destroy the foreign cell | humoral immunity |
| humoral or cellular immunity? crosses the placenta in the form of IgG | humoral immunity |
| humoral or cellular immunity? lymphocytes are T cells | cellular immunity |
| humoral or cellular immunity? does not recognize antigens | cellular immunity |
| humoral or cellular immunity? direct and regulate immune response (helper T cells) | cellular immunity |
| humoral or cellular immunity? attack infected or foreign cells (killer T cells and natural killer cells) | cellular immunity |
| humoral or cellular immunity? do not cross the placenta | cellular immunity |
| The nurse is preparing educational materials for a group of new parents about allergic reactions. Which specific immunoglobulin should the nurse emphasize as being responsible for these types of reactions? | IgE |
Created by:
nurse savage
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