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Diagnostic
Chap. 34
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| the main intracelllular protein of erythocytes. It carries oxygen to and removes carbon dioxide from RBCs. | Hemoglobin |
| measures the % of RBCs in the toal blood volume | Hematocrit |
| Males have _____ levels than females | higher |
| Hemoglobin and hematocrit increase with _________ as the blood becomes more concentrated, and _________ with hypervolemia and resulting hemodilution | increase/ decrease |
| the number of RBCs per cubic millimeter of whole blood | RBC count |
| this count determines the number of circulating WBCs per cubic millimeter of whole blood. Often seen in the presence of a bacterial infection and may be low if a viral infection is present | WBC count |
| Plasma makes up what % of blood? | 55% |
| Formed Elements, Cells, make uf what % of blood? | 45% |
| Blood levels of two metabolically produced substances, urea and creatinine, are routinely used to evaluate ___________ | renal function |
| Urea is measured as | blood urea nitrogen (BUN) |
| Creatinine is produced by the muscles and is excreted by | the kidneys |
| the amount of _________ in the blood relates to ______ excretory function. | creatinine/ renal |
| In therapeutic drug monitoring blood is drawn to check the _________ and _________ levels to determine if the blood serum levels of a specific drug are at a therapeutic level. | peak/ trough |
| this level indicates the highest concentration of the drug in the blood stream | peak |
| this level represents the lowest concentration | trough |
| Who normally draws ABG? | speciallity nurses, medical techs, and respiratory therapistsdrawn from: radial, brachial, or femoral arteries |
| Blood Chemistry test may be performed. They provide what? | valuable diagnostic cues (example: cardiac markers) Elevated levels of these markers in the venous blood can help differentiate between an MI and chest pain from a different cause such as angina or pleuritic pain. |
| Metabolic Screening is routinely done for what reason | newborns are routinely screened for congenital metabolic conditions. Tests for PKU and congenital hypothyrodism are required in all states in the US |
| Why is a Capillary Blood Specimen drawn | it is taken to measure blood glucose when frequent tests are required or when a venipuncture cannot be performed. The clients can perform this on themselves. |
| Where do you stick the client when checking the blood glucose? | it is obtained from the lateral aspect or side of the finger in adults. The site avoids the nerve endings and calloused areas at the fingertip. The earlobe may be used if the client is in shock or the fingers are edematous. |
| Do not smear the blood. Why? | the reading will be inaccurate |
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