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Geography
Earthquakes
Question | Answer |
---|---|
what is an earthquake? | a sudden shaking of the earths crust caused by two plates slipping past each other |
what are fault lines? | long deep cracks in the crust, separating different plates |
what is a focus? | the point underground where an earthquake begins |
what is the epicentre? | the point on the earths surface directly above the focus |
what is a seismograph? | an instrument used to measure and record earthquakes |
what is the Richter scale? | a scale registering the strength or magnitude of an earthquake. it ranges from 1 to 10 and the increase of one unit means that the earthquake is 10 times more powerful |
what is the Mercalli Scale? | a scale that is based on eyewitness observations. it ranges from I to XII |
what is an economic impact? | an impact of an earthquake usually relating to money or business |
what is a social impact? | an impact relating to population and services such as schools |
what are the three P's? | predicting planning preparation |
name four ways we can predict? | knowing you are on a plate boundary animal behavior monitoring ground movement using lasers (tiltmeter) release of radon gas from rocks |
name four ways we can prepare? | shock absorbers in buildings plastic pipes prevent construction of buildings on fault lines braces on windows to prevent the cave in of windows |
how can we prepare? | earthquake drills emergency aid use shatter proof glass have trained search and rescue personnel with sniffer dogs |