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Actions on the Body

Chap. 35

QuestionAnswer
THE ACTIONS OF DRUGS ON THE BODY CAN BE DESCRIBED IN TERMS OF ITS HALF-LIFE
THE TIME INTERVAL REQUIRED FOR THE BODY'S ELIMINATION PROCESSES TO REDUCE THE CONCENTRATION OF THE DRUG IN THE BODY BY ONE-HALF IS HALF-LIFE
WHEN ORAL MEDICATION IS ABSORBED FROM THE GI TRACT INTO THE BLOOD PLASMA, ITS CONCENTRATION INCREASES UNTIL THE ELIMINATION RATE EQUALS_______________? THE RATE OF ABSORPTION
ITS LEVEL IS HIGH IMMEDIATELY AFTER ADMINISTRATION AND DECREASES THROUGH TIME. BY WHAT ROUTE IS THIS DRUG GIVEN? INTRAVENOUSLY (IV)
THE TIME AFTER ADMINISTRATION WHEN THE BODY INITIALLY RESPONDS TO THE DRUG ONSET OF ACTION
THE HIGHEST PLASMA LEVEL ACHIEVED BY A SINGLE DOSE WHEN THE ELIMINATION RATE OF A DRUG EQUALS THE ABSORPTION RATE PEAK PLASMA LEVEL
A MAINTAINED CONCENTRATION OF A DRUG IN THE PLASMA DURING A SERIES OF SCHEDULED DOSES PLATEAU
THE PROCESS BY WHICH A DRUG CHANGES THE BODY (ALTERS CELL PHYSIOLOGY) PHARMACODYNAMICS
A DRUG THAT PRODUCES THE SAME TYPE OF RESPONSE AS THE PHYSIOLOGIC OR ENDOGENOUS SUBSTANCE AGONIST (EXAMPLE: EPI-LIKE DRUGS ACT ON THE HEART TO INCREASE THE HEART RATE)
A DRUG THAT INHIBITS CELL FUNCTION BY OCCUPYING RECEPTOR SITES ANTAGONIST (EXAMPLE: NARCAN IS AN OPIOID ANTAGONIST USED AS AN ANTIDOTE FOR RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION CAUSED BY AN OPIOID DRUG)
THE STUDY OF THE ABSORPTION, DISTRIBUTION, BIOTRANSFORMATION, AND EXCRETION OF DRUGS PHARMACOKINETICS
THE PROCESS BY WHICH A DRUG PASSES INTO THE BLOODSTREAM ABSORPTION
TRUE OR FALSE. FOOD CAN NOT DELAY THE DISSOLUTION AND ABSORPTION OF SOME DRUGS? FALSE. FOOD CAN DELAY
MOST DRUG ABSORPTION OCCURS WHERE? IN THE SMALL INTESTINE
SOME DRUGS ARE ABSORBED BY TISSUE BEFORE REACHING THE STOMACH. AN EXAMPLE OF THIS WOULD BE: NITROGLYCERIN ADMINISTERED SUBLINGUAL. IT IS ABSORBED INTO THE BLOOD VESSELS THAT CARRY IT DIRECTLY TO THE HEART
TRUE OF FALSE. INTRAVENOUS DRUG ADMINISTRATION IS DIRECTED IMMEDIATELY IN THE VASCULAR SYSTEM W/O HAVING TO BE ABSORBED? TRUE
IN DESCENDING ORDER, LIST THE ROUTES OF FASTEST ABSORPTION INTRAVENOUS, INTRAMUSCULAR, SUBQ, ORAL
THE RATE OF ABSORPTION CAN BE ACCELARATED BY THE APPLICATION OF... HEAT, WHICH INCREASES BLOOD FLOW TO THE AREA
THE RATE OF ABSORPTION CAN BE SLOWED BY THE APPLICATION OF... COLD
INJECTION OF A VASOCONSTRICTOR DRUG SUCH AS EPINEPHRINE INTO THE TISSUE CAN .... SLOW ABSORPTION OF OTHER DRUGS
WHY IS A LOW-SOLUBILITY MEDIUM, SUCH AS OIL USED? SOME DRUGS INTEND TO BE ABSORBED SLOWLY USE THIS METHOD
RECTAL ABSORPTION IS PREDICTABLE OR UNPREDICTABLE? UNPREDICTABLE; THEREFORE, THIS ROUTE IS NORMALLY USED WHEN OTHER ROUTES ARE UNAVAILABLE OR WHEN THE INTENDED ACTION IS LOCALIZED TO THE RECTUM OR SIGMOID COLON
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