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AC2 Exam 1
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Neutrophilia | Acute bacterial infection Acute stress (ex. Post-op) Burns Leukemia Corticosteroid use Rheumatoid Arthritis Chronic Inflammation Intense Exercise |
Neutropenia | Immunosuppression Bone marrow failure/Aplastic anemia Folate/Vitamin B12 deficiency Chemotherapy Chloramphenicol/sulfonamides |
Eosinophilia | Allergic Reaction (food allergy or bee stings) Parasitic infections Leukemia Marrow hyperactivity Autoimmune disease |
Eosinopenia | Generally not a concern, but Nutritional deficiency Excessive Glucocorticoids ***Note 0% is still within normal range for some labs |
Basophilia | Allergic Reaction Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Hodgkin’s disease Oral Contraception |
Basopenia | Generally not a concern, but Nutritional deficiency Excessive Glucocorticoids ***Note 0% is still within normal range for some labs |
Monocytosis | Chronic inflammation Stress Cushing’s syndrome Viral infection |
Monocytopenia | Chronic infections Autoimmune disease Leukemia/AML Aplastic anemia Excessive Glucocorticoids |
Lymphocytosis | Viral infection Leukemias: Adrenal insufficiency |
Lymphocytopenia | HIV – destroys T cells (CD4+) Bone marrow failure/Aplastic anemia Will affect any blood cell count Excessive glucocorticoids RA Chemotherapy Immunosuppresion |
Uncompensated | pH abnormal CO2 OR HCO3 abnormal |
Compensated | pH normal CO2, HCO3 abnormal |
Partially compensated | pH, CO2, HCO3 abnormal |
Metabolic | HCO3 & pH same direction |
Respiratory | CO2 & pH opposite direction |
Anemia | chronic renal failure, pernicious or aplastic anemia, leukemia, Fe/Vit B12/folate def, RBC hemolysis |
Polycythemia | high altitude, COPD/pulm disease, dehydration, renal problems |
Increase Hct | intravascular dehydration, severe burns |
Decrease Hct | Over hydration |
Respiratory Failure: Hypoxemia | agitation, restless, dizzy, tachy & decrease BP OR brady & increase BP, dyspnea, flared nostrils, grunting, cyanosis |
Respiratory failure: hypercapnia | CO2 >45, early morning HA, drowsiness, coma, flapping hands, diaphoresis, dyspnea, rapid rate, pursed lip breathing, skin redness, increased BP |
Bronchitis | cough w/ sputum, overweight, many infxns, cyanotic, not must use of accessory, wheezing, hypoxemia w/ hypercap |
Emphysema | min cough, chronic dyspnea, weight loss, use of accessory muscles, thin, distended neck veins, less infxns |