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Preschooler
Preschool: 3-5 years
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| maturation of the nervous system and mastery of skills-being the least obvious, the most obvious are the striking changes in size and shape | Growth during the preschool period is described as slow and steady. Average growth is about 2 to 2.5 inches per year. The 4-year old has usually doubled in birth length. |
| as abdominal muscles strengthen, the child loses the potbelly appearance. | skills that involve small body movements are much harder for preschoolers to master than gross motor skills. Such things as tying shoelaces, cutting food with a knife and fork, |
| the scribbling of the young child can be compared with the babbling of the infant. | vision in the preschooler is described as farsighted. Vision improves and most of the children achieve 20-20 visual accuracy by age 5 lby age 6 child begins to loss deciduous teeth |
| heart rate | 70 and 110 BPM |
| Respiration | 23 breaths per min at rest |
| Blood pressure | 110/60 |
| Temp | 97- 99 degrees |
| Erickson describes the task of the preschooler as initiative versus guilt. preschooler search for and create fantasies about different kinds of people they want to be | during the preshool period the childs superego (concious) functions as a sensor of behavior. the crisis according to Erickson is to test ones initiative without creating an overwhelming sense of guilt |
| typiclal development of the preschooler includes gender identification, it is common at this time for the child to sterotype roles and to show marked interest in sexual differences strong sibling bond is established. | preschoolers use symbols to respresent objects. they use trial and error. between ages 4-7 yrs intuitive thinking develops and the child begins to think logically. |
| pre-operational children see the world from their own viewpoint. they see things as absolute, things are either good or bad. | time is associated with weekly and seasonal events. |
| magical thoughts are typical of a child this age, who believes that wishes can make things happen as a result they feel powerful and responsible for events. | white lies |
| excessive exposure to undesirable television and other media may further distort reality testing. | by age 3 the child can carry on a conversation. pronunciation problems continue into the school years language becomes more adult like. |
| calcium and phoshorus are important to both toddlers and preschool children because of the increased mineralization of their teeth and bones | generally weight increases of 20% or more is considered an indication of obesity |
Created by:
Nicknack10
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