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Pharm Ch 26
Respiratory system drugs
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What results from insufficient oxygen supply to body tissues? | "Hypoxia" |
| This is administered to patients for hypoxia via nasal cannula, masks, tents and hoods. | Oxygen |
| What are some ways oxygen can be administered? | Nasal cannula, Endotracheal incubation, mask, tents, and hoods |
| Oxygen given at too high of a concentration and or prolonged period of time is NOT part of O2 therapy, and is NOT therapeutic, and can cause these side effects. | Acidosis, Blindness (especially in infants), and Apnea |
| Oxygen is NOT flammable but does support what? | Combustion |
| These things would be prohibited in a room where oxygen is in use: | Smoking, matches, electrical equipment(electric razors, hair dryers) |
| Classifications of Bronchodilators are: "Hint Use your Bronchs to play the SAX. | Sympathomimetic (adrenergic) Anticholinergic (parasympatholytics) Xanthines |
| ____________, are medications used to relax the smooth muscles of the "bronchial tree," relieving bronchospasm and increasing the vital capacity of the lungs. | Bronchodilators |
| We use _______________ 1st to open up, then use ____________2nd to relieve inflammation/reduce swelling. | 1- Bronchodilator 2- Corticosteroid |
| Medication type that "relaxes smooth muscles of the bronchial tree." | Bronchodilator |
| These medications are used in the treatment of "ACUTE" respiratory conditions such as asthma and COPD. | Bronchodilator |
| Bronchodilators are CNS stimulates, so they stimulate the body systems, causing most body responses to? | Increase |
| Bronchodilators can be administered how? | Orally, parenterally, and by inhalation |
| Type of inhaler that is popular due to the ease of use, efficacy, and portability. | Meter-dose inhalers(MDI) |
| Type of inhaler that provides medication only under pressure of inspiration rather than compression of the valve. | Dry-powder inhalers(DPI) |
| An aerosol mist of a drug solution that can be inhaled into the lungs through a mouth piece or mask. | Small-volume nebulizers(SVN) |
| A type of bronchodilator that increases vital capacity and "decreases airway resistance" | Sympathomimetic (Adrenergic) |
| Medications that are considered to be sympathomimetics? (hint: Al, but tell her all of your symptoms) | Albuterol (Proventil) levalbuterol (Xopenex) |
| Warn patients that increasing use of meter dose inhalers(MDI) or rescue inhalers is a sign of _____________ ____________. | Deteriorating Asthma |
| Sympathomimetic's are also known as ____________ agonists. They can be short-acting or long-acting. | Beta2 |
| Long-acting beta2 agonists should not be used to treat an __________ asthma attack. | Acute |
| Anticholinergics, a bronchodilator, that decreases the chemical that ______________ bronchospasm. | Promotes |
| Anticholinergics, block the parasympathetic nervous system and can cause "drying" of the _______________ _____________. | pulmonary secretions |
| When taking Anticholinergics, use "caution" in patients w/history of heart attack, glaucoma, drug sensitivity or________________ | Prostatic hypertrophy |
| Side effects of Anticholinergics are | Thickening secretions and mucus plugging dry mouth metallic taste |
| Because Anticholinergics "dry up" secretions, you must encourage your patient to do what? | Drink adequate amounts of fluids, to prevent mucus plugging. |
| Anticholinergic medications include: | Ipratropium (Albuterol) Ipratropium Bromide (Atrovent) *They end in pium |
| This is a bronchodilator category, that relaxes the smooth muscle of the bronchial airways and pulmonary "blood vessels" and may possess anti-inflammatory actions. | Xanthines |
| Theophylline is a _____________ _____________. | Xanthine Derivative *Xanthines end in phyllin |
| These types of meds are used to relieve inflammation, and reduce swelling. | Corticosteroids |
| What are the 3 types of Corticosteroids? *SIN | Synthetic, Inhaled, Intranasal (Nasal) |
| Corticosteroid considered a preferred drug therapy in long-term management in "persistent asthma" | Inhaled Corticosteroid |
| Corticosteroid that is considered first line therapy for most non-infections types of rhinitis, and reduce congestion, edema, and inflammation. | Intranasal (nasal) Corticosteroid |
| Throat irritation, dry mouth, and oral fungal infections are side effects of Corticosteroids. You should encourage patients to do what for prevention? | To rinse mouth with mouthwash or water. |
| Some of the Corticosteroids medications are? *They end in Cort or one* | Azmacort fluticasone |
| Asthma Prophylaxis, are medications used to prophylaxis and the treatment of __________ __________. | Chronic Asthma |
| Two types of asthma prophylaxis medications/treatments are: | Leukotriene Inhibitors Mast Cell Stabilizers |
| Treatment for asthma prophylaxis, prevention of exercise induced bronchoconstriction, and treatment of chronic asthma | Leukotriene Inhibitors |
| Leukotriene inhibitor medications are: | Montelukast/Singular (Ast Luke, he likes to Sing) |
| This medication type helps stabilize the mast cells and produce and anti-inflammatory action to help "prevent asthma". | Mast Cell stabilizer |
| Mast Cell stabilizer medications are: | Cromolyn (intal) (a Mass of Chrome entails irritation) |
| This type of medication, decreases the hypersecretion of and liquefy pulmonary secretions | Mucolytics |
| Medications that are Mucolytics are: | Acetylcysteine/Mucomyst |
| Use caution in patients taking mucolytics if they have a history of bronchospasm or asthma, respiratory insufficiency and? | Inadequate cough mechanism |
| This type of medication, increase secretions, reduce viscosity and help expel sputum. Aids in removal of mucus! | Expectorants |
| Medications that are Expectorants are: | Guaifenesin (Mucinex, Robitussin) |
| Antitussives are medications to prevent coughing in patients not requiring a _____________ ____________. | productive cough |
| ________-_____________, antitussives, are used more frequently because they do not depress respirations, do not cause dependence and have few side effects. | Non-narcotic |
| Interactions with antitussives include? | Triptans, used for migraine headaches, MAOI, SSRI |
| Class of medications, that competitively antagonize the histamine receptor sites? | Antihistamines |
| Antihistamines, treat symptoms of Rhinitis, conjunctivitis, and rash. But the do not treat what? | Emphysema or asthma |
| Antihistamines don't cure, but provide symptomatic relief of? | allergy symptoms |
| 1st generation Antihistamines are: | Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) |
| 2nd generation Antihistamines are: | Claritin |
| Some side effects of Antihistamines are sedation, hypotension, drying of secretions, especially eyes/ears/nose/throat and what? | Paradoxical excitement in children |
| Drugs that constrict blood vessels in the respiratory tract, resulting in shrinkage of swollen membranes, and help to open nasal airway/upper airway passages. | Decongestants |
| Decongestant medications are: | Phenylephrine (Sudafed) Oxymetazoline (Afrin) |
| When used as a nasal spray, decongestants can cause | burning, stinging and sneezing |
| Decongestant side effects are: | Anxiety, nervousness, tremor, REDUCED CARDIAC OUTPUT |
| These types of medications are used to slowly lower the level of nicotine while the patient participates in behavior modification. | Smoking-cessation Aids |
| Smoking-Cessation Aid medications are: | Varenicline (Chantix) Bupropion (Zyban) |
Created by:
Ashleybit4
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