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SLEEP 3802
last test/final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Circadian rhythm | cycle occuring every 24 hrs (sleep-wake cycle) |
| Infradian rhythm | Longer, slower cycle than cirdian (menstrual cycle) |
| Ultradian rhythm | Shorter, faster cycle than circadian (cardiac cycle, 90 min. sleep cycle) |
| What are the three other physiological cycles synchronized with the sleep-wake cycle? | body temp, hormone levels, and cell division |
| What are the sleep stage percentages for non-REM sleep concerning total sleep time? | Stage 1: (5%); Stage 2: (50-55%); Stage 3 (10%); Stage 4 (10%) |
| What are the characteristics/functions of NREM sleep? | slow rolling eye movement or none; muscle relaxation; decreased pulse, BP, respirations; physical restoration. |
| What are the characteristics/functions of REM sleep? | rapid darting eye movement; small twitching face; loss muscle tone; increased pulse, BP, cardiac output; fluctuating pulse, BP, respirations; irregular pulse/respirations; psychological/mental restoration |
| how many cycles per night is normal for an adult's cyclic nature of sleep? | 4-6 cycles/night |
| How many minutes per cycle? What is the average? | 60-120 minutes; average 90 mins |
| What is the total sleep time (TST) for neonates? Include percentages of NREM and REM sleep. (Emphasize on REM/NREM info concerning neonates.) | 16 hrs TST; 50% REM/50% NREM; start sleep with REM; NREM not divided into stages. |
| What is the biological rhythm of a 3 month old using? Which type of sleep do they start with? | Circadian rhythm; starts sleep with NREM. |
| What type of sleep do 6 months use? | NREM sleep divided into stages. |
| TST for a 12 month old is usually? | 14 hrs. |
| What percentage of REM sleep does a 3 yr old get? | 33% |
| What's the TST sleep for a 6 yr old? | TST 10-12 hrs |
| What percentage of REM sleep does an adolescent get? TST? | 8-9 hrs, REM sleep 25% |
| TST hrs for an adult? | 6-8 hrs |
| What happens with an older adult's sleeping habits? | Takes longer to fall asleep, awaken more frequently, less NREM 3 & 4, more NREM 1 & 2, REM decreases. |
| Symptoms of sleep deprivation? | fine motor clumsiness, decreased reflexes, slowed response time, reduced word memory, decreased reasoning & judgement, decreased auditory/visual alertness, cardiac dysrhythmias, excessive sleepiness, irritable/withdrawn, apathetic, decreased motivation... |
| Out of these, which is r/t symptoms of sleep deprivation? Decreased sensitivity to pain, agitation, hypoactivity, confusion & disorientation. | *Increased sensitivity to pain, agitation, *hyperactivity, confusion & disorientation |
| What are the causes of REM deprivation? | sleep only first half of usual total sleep time; awakened every hr/frequently; taking medication that suppresses REM sleep |
| What is a potential problem with REM deprivation? | REM rebound |
| Define insomnia | difficulty falling asleep for longer than 30 mins, difficulty staying asleep/frequent, awakening too early |
| T/F? REM suppression is the most prevalent sleep disorder? | FALSE insomnia is |
| What is the cause of insomnia? | associated with poor sleeping habits |
| Treatment for insomnia? | symptomatic; improved sleep hygiene measures, relaxation techniques |
| Insomnia therapy: What is Stimulus-Control Therapy? | Assumes that sleep is a conditioned response to bed and bedtime. |
| Insomnia therapy: Relaxation training? | Assumes that ppl with sleep problems often display high levels of arousal at night and during the day. |
| Insomnia therapy: Sleep restriction therapy? | Based on poor sleepers increase time in bed to provide more opportunity for sleep, but results are fragmented/poor quality sleep. |
| Define sleep apnea | cessation of breathing for a time during sleep; 5 or more episodes of apnea lasting longer than 10 sec/hr per night |
| What are the three types of sleep apnea? | obstructive, central, and mixed |
| Symptoms of sleep apnea? | loud snoring with periods of apnea, frequent awakening at night, morning HA's, excessive daytime sleepiness, fatigue, irritability |
| Treatment for sleep apnea: Behavioral therapy is described as? | weight loss if obese, avoiding alcohol and smoking, positional therapy |
| Tx for sleep apnea: What is the Physical or Mechanical Therapy? | dental appliance, positive airway pressure device, CPAP, BiPAP |
| Tx for sleep apnea: What type of surgeries are performed? | nasal septum repair, palatal surgery (ex uvulopalatopharyngoplasty) |
| Assessment for measures to promote sleep? | What time the Pt goes to bed and gets up, number of hrs they sleep....if they nap: when and how long, when do they feel rested? |
Created by:
jalvarez1210
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