Save
Busy. Please wait.
Log in with Clever
or
show password
Forgot Password?
Don't have an account?  Sign up 
Sign up using Clever
or
Username is available taken
show password


Make sure to remember your password. If you forget it there is no way for StudyStack to send you a reset link. You would need to create a new account. Your email address is only used to allow you to reset your password. See our Privacy Policy and Terms of Service.

Already a StudyStack user? Log In

Reset Password
Enter the associated with your account, and we'll email you a link to reset your password.
focusNode
Didn't know it?
click below
 
Knew it?
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
0:00
edit
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.

  Normal Size     Small Size show me how

N113 Fetal Assessmen

N113 - Assessment of fetal well being

QuestionAnswer
Transabdominal Ultrasound Can detect gestational sac at 4-6 weeks. Must have full bladder.
Endovaginal ultrasound Useful for early embryonic development, fetal heart beat and visualizing intrapelvic structures.
Ultrasound uses Fetal age & growth, gestational age, congenital abnormalities, placental location
Functions that can be seen on ultrasound Breathing, movement, urination, eye movement, cardiac activity
Level 1 ultrasound Basic screening - gestational age, # of fetuses, fetal death, status of placenta
Level 2 ultrasound Comprehensive screening - looking for specific abnormalities
Biophysical profile (BPP) Used to assess intrauterine compromise. Done as follow up to ultrasound if there are fetal concerns.
Biophysical variables of fetus Breathing movement, body movement, tone (flexion of extremities), amniotic fluid volume, FHR reactivity.
Fetal heart rate reactivity Is tested with a non-stress test
Fetal Movement Kick count done by mom. Fetal alarm sign if there is no movement for 12 hours. Count kicks for 60 minutes should feel >3 movements during that time.
Non-stress test Observing for acceleration of fetal heart rate with movement. Shows intact central and autonomic nervous systems.
Non-stress test = Reactive Means at least 2 accelerations of FHR with fetal movement.
Non-stress test = Non-reactive Accelerations not seen or accelerations were not wide enough (>15 beats per min).
To encourage fetal movement Pushing on abdomen, music or vibratory device. Eating something isn't recommended, baby may be reacting to increased sugar level.
Contraction stress test Used to evaluate placental/fetal reserve. Observation of fetal heart rate to stress of uterine contractions.
Reasons to do a stress test High risk pregnancy, IUGR (intrauterine growth restriction), diabetic mother, non-reactive NST, abnormal biophysical profile.
Reasons to NOT do a stress test Bleeding (placental previa or abruptio), classical c-section, risk of pre-term labor.
Procedure for stress test Spontaneous or induced contractions lasing 40-60 seconds 3 times in 10 minutes. Induced - Pitocin or Nipple stimulation
Positive stress test results No late decelerations
Negative stress test results Late decelerations with contractions. Discontinue test if there are 3 or more late decels & notify MD.
Amniocentesis Can't be done before 16 weeks, not enough amniotic fluid.
Early amniocentesis Done to detect chromosome & biochemical abnormalities - Down's syndrome
Late amniocentesis Done to detect lung maturity - for fetal viability
Fetal lung maturity L/S ratio (Lecithin & Sphingomyelin - components of surfactant), 30-32 weeks L=S, 35+ weeks L>S = respiratory distress unlikely
Cortisol & fetal lung maturity In some types of fetal distress, cortisol is produced by the fetus and will result in more mature lungs in younger fetus.
Phosphadyglycerol Second most abundant phospholipid in surfactant. Appears around 36 weeks, indicates fetal lung maturity.
Amniocentesis procedure Ultrasound is used to locate fetus, cord, fluid & placenta. Withdrawal of 15-20 cc of fluid, fluid is shielded from light to prevent breakdown of bilirubin. Fetal & maternal VS monitored, Rhogam given to Rh negative mother.
Amniocentesis complications Can trigger early labor - #1 reason why women refuse. Bleeding, transfer of Rh factor, infection, fetal distress.
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) Blood test - not diagnostic! Maternal blood test done at 16-18 weeks, gestational age accuracy is important
Increased levels of alpha-fetoprotein May indicate neural tube defects, anencephaly or abdominal wall defect. Would follow up with level 2 ultrasound.
Low levels of alpha-fetoprotein May indicate fetal chromosome abnormalities such as Down's syndrome. Would follow up with amniocentesis if mother agrees.
Possible abnormal AFP level results Can be caused by multiple gestation, incorrect gestational age, dead fetus, abdominal wall defect, Rh sensitization, fetal distress
Triple-marker test Maternal blood test done at 16-18 weeks, gestational age accuracy is important. AFP, conjugated estriol & hCG in combination with maternal age to calculate risk.
Maternal serum AFP & ungonjugated estriol These levels are low while hCG is elevated when a fetus has Down's syndrome. More accurate than AFP alone.
Chorionic villi sampling Done for the same reasons as amniocentesis, but can be done earlier at 8 weeks.
Fetoscopy Used to directly view the fetus, only done in a few places, can view more detail of fetus. Risk of premature labor. Can be used to do intrauterine surgery.
Created by: jrb265
Popular Nursing sets

 

 



Voices

Use these flashcards to help memorize information. Look at the large card and try to recall what is on the other side. Then click the card to flip it. If you knew the answer, click the green Know box. Otherwise, click the red Don't know box.

When you've placed seven or more cards in the Don't know box, click "retry" to try those cards again.

If you've accidentally put the card in the wrong box, just click on the card to take it out of the box.

You can also use your keyboard to move the cards as follows:

If you are logged in to your account, this website will remember which cards you know and don't know so that they are in the same box the next time you log in.

When you need a break, try one of the other activities listed below the flashcards like Matching, Snowman, or Hungry Bug. Although it may feel like you're playing a game, your brain is still making more connections with the information to help you out.

To see how well you know the information, try the Quiz or Test activity.

Pass complete!
"Know" box contains:
Time elapsed:
Retries:
restart all cards