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SMU HlthASS Valenta
Stack #212372
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Rheumatic fever | Inflammatory disease from untreated strep throat. Sx present weeks after Strep throat. Can Damage heart and interfere with normal blood flow. |
| Scarlet fever | Occurs with soar throat. Sx sore throat, fever a "strawberry" tongue/sandpaper rash on upper body. NOT rheumatic fever but can progess into that condition as the infection develops. |
| Sinuses: What is a normal finding? | Firm pressure with no pain |
| Tonsils: What is a normal finding? | Same in color as surrounding mucous: granular, surface, shows deep crypts. |
| The expected finding for a negative Weber Test? | -SOund heard in both ears-sound lateralizes to one ear to the other-air conduction is greater than bone conduction-bone conduction is greater than air conduction |
| Regional Lymphadenopathy | Lymphatic drainage of the external ear flows to the parotid, mastoid, and superficial cervical nodes. |
| Presbycusis | |
| Sensorineural hearing loss | Tinnitus common. Dizziness common. Hears poorly in loud environment. Normal appearance of external canal and tympanic membrane. Weber test: Lateralization to unaffected ear (sound louder in good ear.) Rinne: Sound (-) In both ears AC<BC.Cause: Nervdam.pre |
| Conductive hearing loss Assessment | Evidence of obstruction, abnorm. tympanic membrane, speaking softly, Hears better in a noisy environ. Rinne test: AC<BC. Weber: Lateralized to affected ear. (sound better in bad ear) |
| Weber test | Tuning fork on head. Normal: SOund equal in both ears. Abnorm: Lateralizes to 1 ear. Will lateralize to the affected ear in conductive loss. Will lat to unaffected side in sensorineural loss. |
| Rinne test | Compares AC & BC. Tuning fork on mastoid process. Norm: 2:1, AC>BC. In cond loss, this will demonstrate bone cond greater than air cond in affected ear. |
| Ototoxic Drugs | Damages CN VIII, Hearing loss, tinnitus, vertigo. Antibiotics, diuretics, NSAIDS, chemotherapy. Many drugs may cause hearing loss that is irreversible. |
| Eustachian tube | Connects mid ear with nasopharynx: allows drainage & passage of air to equalize, remains closed except when yawning and swallowing. |
| Middle ear | Tiny air filled cavity inside temporal bone. Houses auditory aussicles: the malleus, incus and staples and the tympanic membrane. |
| Ossicles | small bones which connect the tympanic membrane to the ear. |
| Inner ear | contains bony labryinth, which holds orgrans for equilibrium and hearing. Cochlea: contains the central hearing apparatus. Doesn't sense sharp pain. |
| Exopthalmos | Bulging eye balls from orbital. |
| Corneal abrasion indication | If you see shattered light there is an abrasion |
| Abnormal eye findings | Blepharitis-inflammation of the eyelid. Hordelum-stye, crusting. |
| Pterygium | Opaque lesion of the eye can obstruct vision. |
| Xanthelasma | soft raised yellow plaques on the lids at the inner canthus. |
| Corneal light reflex | asymmetry of the light indicates deviation in the alignment due to eye muscle weakness or paralysis. |
| Anisocoria: | Pupils 2 different sizes |
| Horner's syndrome | (lesion of the sympathetic nerve) Ptosis(drooping lid), anhidrosis, unilateral, small regular pupil: does not respond to light and accommodation. |
| Cover/uncover test | Part 2 of Corneal light reflex if needed. Strabismus: covered eye --if this is the weaker eye, once the macular immage is suppressed it will drift to relaxed position. |
| 6 caridinal fields of gaze | CnIII oculomotor, CN IV Trochlear, CN VI abducons, Nystagmus. Testing pt to see if they can move eyes in 6 directions. |
| Limbus | Border between cornea and sclera |
| Iris and pupil | constricts (CN 3), dilates (CN V) |
| Pupillary Light reflex & consensual light reflex | Shine direct light in 1 and eye to see if other eye equally reacts. Checking visual reflexes in the cranial nerves. |
| Scleroderma | Hardening of the connective tissue of the skin Pt skin becomes inflexible. autoimmune. |
| Cachetic appearance | Sunken eyes, hollow cheeks exhausted expression, accompanies, chronic wasting diseases such as dehydration and starvation. |
| Myasthenias gravis | lid lag/ loss of muscle control |
| allergic salute/crease | morgan's line from rubbing of child's nose. |
| Bells' palsy | Nerve damage CN VII. Complete paralysis on one half of the face. |
| Toricolis | Hematoma on sternomastoid muscle. Limited ROM, head tilt, must be treated or will become permenant. |
| Atopic facies (allergies) indications | Exhausted face, allergic shiners, morgan;s lines, central face pallor, allergic gaping (may lead to malocclusion of teeth and jaw) |
| Hydrocephalous | Obstruction of CSF, increased ICP, enlarged skull, dilated scalp veins, frontal bossing, setting sun eyes. |
| Tension headaches | tend to be occipital or frontal with "band like" tightness. |
| Migraines | vascular, tend to be supra-orbital, retro orbital, or fronto temporal. |
| Cluster headaches | Vascular, produce pain around the eye, temple, forehead and cheek . |
| Capillary refill | indicates the status of the peripheral circulation. A sluggish color return takes longer than 1 or 2 seconds. Normal finding: <3 seconds. |
| Melanonychea striata | Pigmented longitudinal bands. May commonly occur in the nail bed in approx. 90% or more of the all peopel with dark skin. |
| Abnormal conditions of the nail | Kolionycha-spoon nails. Late clubbing, Onycholyaia-fungus, pitting, splinter hemorrages, Beau's line, paronychia, habit-tic dystrophy |
| The profile sign | At the nail's profile it should be about 160 degress. Nail base firm at palp. |
| Clubbing | angle straightens to 180 degrees. Nail feels spongy. |
| trichotillomania | self induced hair loss. Usually due to habit shaped patches with broken off stublike hairs of varying length |
| Tension headaches | tend to be occipital or frontal with "band like" tightness. |
| Migraines | vascular, tend to be supra-orbital, retro orbital, or fronto temporal. |
| Cluster headaches | Vascular, produce pain around the eye, temple, forehead and cheek . |
| Capillary refill | indicates the status of the peripheral circulation. A sluggish color return takes longer than 1 or 2 seconds. Normal finding: <3 seconds. |
| Melanonychea striata | Pigmented longitudinal bands. May commonly occur in the nail bed in approx. 90% or more of the all peopel with dark skin. |
| Abnormal conditions of the nail | Kolionycha-spoon nails. Late clubbing, Onycholyaia-fungus, pitting, splinter hemorrages, Beau's line, paronychia, habit-tic dystrophy |
| The profile sign | At the nail's profile it should be about 160 degress. Nail base firm at palp. |
| Clubbing | angle straightens to 180 degrees. Nail feels spongy. |
| trichotillomania | self induced hair loss. Usually due to habit shaped patches with broken off stublike hairs of varying length |
| Tinea Capitis: Ringworm | causes rounded patchy hairloss. Leaves broken of hair or pustules and scales on skin. Fungal infection. Lesions are fluorescent under a Wood's light. |
| ABCD's of Melanoma | Asymmetry, border, color, diameter, elevation/enlargement |
| Tinea versicolor | yeast infection of the skin in thin coating. |
Created by:
pcneil34c
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