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Fluids
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Fluid Volume Excess Causes | Heart Failure4, cirrhosis of the liver, renal failure, adrenal gland disorders, High NA diet, increased intake, SIADH |
| Fluid Volume Excess Signs and Symptoms | Edema, Fluid in lungs, Weight gain, increased BP, bounding pulse, headache, LOC, nausea, low hematocrit, urine specific gravity and serum osmolality. |
| Fluid Volume Excess Nursing Care | Daily weigh, VS, breath sounds, check for edema, monitor labs, diuretics, fluid restriction, dialysis |
| Functions of water | Transports nutrients, electrolytes, and 02 to the cell - Excretes waste - regulates body temp - lubricates joints - medium for food digestion |
| Colloid | A large molecule that normally does not cross the capillary membrane. ie. albumin |
| Diffusion | How electrolytes move from intracellular to extracellular spaces. Ions move from areas of high concentration to low concentration creating a balance. |
| Pressure Gradient | Difference in pressure exerted one each side of a semipermeable membrane |
| Regulators of fluid balance | Thirst mechanism, kidneys, Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone mech., antidiuretic hormone |
| Fluid volume deficit causes | Loss of fluids from GI, loss from kidneys, excessive sweating, hemorrhage, fever, fluid shifts, chronic laxative or enema use, inadequate fluid intake |
| Fluid volume deficit signs and symptoms | Thirst, dry mouth, dry skin, weight loss, dizzy, orthostatic hypotension |
| FV deficit nursing care and interventions | Give fluids, I & O, monitor weight, vital signs, monitor skin turgor and lab values, treat cause, stop diuretics |
| solute | molecules or ions that are dissolved in a solution. ie salt |
| solvent | fluid in which solutes are dissolved. ie water |
| osmolality | refers to the concentration of solutes in a solution |
| osmosis | how water moves from low concentration to high concentration |
| hydrostatic pressure | pressure exerted by a stationary liquid. ex. if increase volume of fluid in a container than an increase of pressure on the walls of that container |
| osmotic or oncotic pressure | pressure created by differences in a concentration caused by a colloid or 2 different sides of the membrance. |
Created by:
halfpint_86
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