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Integument. deficits
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Herpes symplex is caused by | herpevirus hominis |
| Herpes type 2 is | genital herpes |
| Herpes type 1 is | cold sore, fever related |
| Transmission of herpes | direct contact with any open lesiontype 2 mostly sexual contact |
| Herpes lesions are present | 2-3 weeks, 1st week painful |
| Herpes type 1 s&s | vescile at the corner of the mouthburning painmalaise and fatique |
| Herpes type 2 s&s | vescile that rapture and encrustcervix in women, penis in menflu like symptoms 3-4 days after vesicles eruptheadace, fatique, myalgia, fever and anorexia |
| Herpes Dx test | lab from culturesinspection & health history |
| Herpes medical mng. | acyclovir (zovirax)- oral, topical, IMvalacycovir (valtrex) |
| Herpes nrsg. interventions | warm compresses, keep lesions dry,avoid direct contact, analgesic, use good hygiene, instruct patient that condition may be spread during asymptomatic stage (stage with no s&s) |
| Prognosis type 1 and 2 | no cure, type 1 heal within 10-14 daystype 2 heal in 7-14 days |
| Herpes zoster (shingles)caused by | varicella virus (chicken pox) |
| Where are Shingles lesions located? | nerve fibres of spinal ganglia |
| Shingles may affect what kind of nerve? | trigeminal |
| How is shingles NOT transmited | sexual contact |
| Shingles s&s | burnig and klife like painvesciles rapture and form a crustmay become purulentskin excoriations course: 7-28 daysextreme tenderness and pruritus |
| Shingles may be caused by | chemotherapeutic agents or prednisone |
| Shingles dx tests | culture, physical exam, history taking (did u ever had chicken pox?) |
| Shingles med. mng. | analgesics, steroids, lotions - Kenalog, Lidex,antiviral - acyclovir (zovirax), traquilizers - lorazepam (anivan), hydroxyzine (atarax), medicated bath and warm compresses |
| Shingles complications | postherpetic neuralgia |
| Shingles may infect preson with no ..... imunity | vericella (chicken pox) |
| Impetigo contagiosa is caused by | Staphylococcus aureus, streptococci or mixed |
| Impetigo contagiosa crust have what color? | honey |
| Impetigo contagiosa development | START AS MACULES -> pustulant vesicles -> rapture-> dried exudate |
| Impetigo contagiosa s&s | affect the face, hands, arms and legspustulant lesionsprurituspain, low grade fewerincreased WBC |
| Impetigo contagiosa spreads by | contact (contact isolation,spreads by touching perosnal articles of the infected person) |
| Impetigo contagiosa Dx test | culture of exudateinspection of symptoms |
| Impetigo contagiosa medical mng. | Systemic ATB - erythromycin, dicloxacillin, cephalosporinTopical ATB - mupirocin (Bacoroban)Antiseptic soapsPrevention of glomerolunephritis penicillinceftriaxone (Rocephin)Antiseptics - providone iodine (Betadine), chlorhexidine (Hibiciens) |
| Folliculitis, Furuncles, Carbuncles and Felonsare infection of what and how are transmited? | hair follicle due to staph. aureusand are transmited by skin contact |
| Furuncle is | an inflamation that begins deep in the hair follicles |
| Carbuncle is | a cluster of furuncles related to obesity, diabetes and poor hygiene |
| Felons occur when | soft tissue under and area becomes infected (ex. fingernail) |
| Folliculitis, Furuncles, Carbuncles and Felonss&s | edematous, erythematous, painful and pruritic area, center turns yellow |
| Folliculitis, Furuncles, Carbuncles and Felons medical mng. | isolate patientwound and secretion precautionsdraining the lesions and palying ATB |
| Folliculitis, Furuncles, Carbuncles and Felons nursing interventions | Warms soaksmed. asepsisdon glovesfamily should use separate articles |
| Dermatophytoses (fungal infection) types | Tinea capitis - ringworm of the scalpTinea corporis - ringworm of the bodyTinea cruris - jock itch, groin areaTinea pedis - most common, athletes foot |
| Tinea capitis | erythematous, round lesion with pustules around the edges, temporary alpecia, hairs trun blue under a woods light |
| Tinea corporis | flat lesion that are clear in the center with erythemoatous borders, scaliness and pruritus |
| Tinea cruris | brownis red lesions that migrate out from the groin area, pruritus and skin excoriation |
| Tinea pedis | skin maceration, fissures and vesicles |
| Dermatophytoses (fungal infections) medical mng. | topical/oral antifungals griseofulvin (fulvicin, grifulvin)tolnaftate 1% (Tinacin)clotrimazole (Lotrimin AF)Desenexantifungal soaps/shampoos |
| Contatct dermatitis is caused by | direct contact with agents in the environment to which a person is hypersensitive |
| Contact dermatitis s&s | burning, pain, pruritus, edema, papules, 48 hours activity log |
| Contact dermatitis dx tests | H/P, ID testing, Increased serum IgE (imunoglobuline) and eosinophils |
| Contact dermatitis med. mng | corticosteroids, oral antihistamines, diphenhydramine (Benadryl), hydroxyzine (Atarax), Desensitization (gradual exposure) |
| Dermatitis venenata results from | contact with certain plants |
| Dermatitis venenata is characterized by | mild to severe erythema with pruritus |
| Exfoliative dermatitis is caused by | the infestation of certain heavy metals, such as arsenic or mercury or by antibiotics, ASA, codeine, gold or iodine |
| Dermatitis medicamentosa is causes by | medication to which are people hypersensitive, such as PCN, codeine and iron |
| Dermatitis venenata, exofoliative dermatitis, dermatitis medicamentosa s&s | mild to severe erythema with vesicular eruptions, pruritus, burning pain, dyspnea |
| Dermatitis venenata, exofoliative dermatitis, dermatitis medicamentosa dx tests | H/P, serum IgE and eosinophilia |
| Dermatitis venenata, exofoliative dermatitis, dermatitis medicamentosa med. mng | therapeutic baths, steroids,lotions, ointments |
| Urticaria is caused by | drugs, foods, insect bites, stress, inhalants or exposure to heat or cold. |
| Urticaria term is ablied to the presence of | wheals or hives in an allergic reaction |
| What cells comes from Histamine | Mast cells |
| What histamine causes | severe dilation of blood vessels (severe edema, hypotension) |
| Urticaria s&s | pruritus, edema, burning pain, dyspnea, transient wheals of warying shapes and sizes with wll defined erythematous margins and pale centers |
| Urticaria dx tests | H/P, allergy skin test and serum IgE |
| Urticaria medical mng | antihistamines, epinephrine |
| Eczema (atopic dermatitis)is primary desease of.... and associated with alergies to.... | infantschocolate, eggs, wheat and orange juice |
| Eczema s&s | papular and vasicular lesions apear and are surrounded by erythema, besicles dry and encrust, pruritus, scratching, Hx of asthma, scales |
| Eczema dx tests | H/P esp. family history of allergies, skin testing, serum IgE |
| Eczema med. mng | Hydration, lotions - eucerin, alpha keri, lubiderm, curel, coal tar - for chronic eczema |
| what is coal tar? | a viscous black liquid containing numerous organic compunds that is obtained by the destructive distillation of coal and used as roofing, waterproofing and isulating coumpund and as a raw material for many dyes, drugs and paints. |
| Acne vulgaris cause | is unknown |
| What is acne vulgaris | is and inflamatory papulopustular skin eruption that involves the Sebaceous glands |
| factors affecting acne vulgaris | diet, stress, heredity, hormones |
| when acne vulgaris develops? | when the oil glands become occluded |
| acne vulgaris s&s | found most often in the face, neck and upper chest, shoulder and backtenderness and edema in the area, followed by the comedo (blackheads)skin is oily and shinylesions last up to 10 daysscaring |
| acne vulgaris med. mng | Topical, systemic or intralesional drugs - benzoyl peroxide gel (Clearasil), vitamin A acids, antibiotics, and sulfur zinc lotions, systemic ATB - tetracyclineIsotretinoin (accutane) - side effects: fatal defects, depression, hepatotoxicity, dry skin |
| what is Psoriasis | noningectious skin disorder, hereditary, chronic proliferative disease |
| what cause Psoriasis | cells divide much more rapidly than normal |
| Psoriasis s&s | lesions apear as raised, erythematous, circumscribed, silvery scaling plaques, papules become plaques located on the scalp, elbows, chin and trunkmil pruritus, pitting of fingernails with yellowish discoloration, depression |
| Psoriasis med. mng | top. ster. and keratolyc agents, hydrocort. and betamethasone valerate (Valisone), tar prepar. and salicylic acid (Calicylic)Photochmotherapy (PUVA) comb. with methoxsalen (Psoralen) PO and the concurrent use of UVAMethotherexate & vit. DMethothere |
| Scabies are caused by | female itch mite |
| how is scabies transmited | by prolonged contact with an infected area |
| risk factors for scabies | overcrowded living conditions, poverty, changing sexual behaviors, and world travel |
| Scabies s&s | wavy, brown thradlike lines on the bodysevere pruritus, secondary infectionscommon in the hands, arms, body folds, genitalia |
| Scabies med. mng | Crotamitoin (Eurax), 4-8% solution of sulfur in petrolatumtreat with lindane (Kwel) lotion to the entire body from neck downappply and leave on for 8 hrs.Elimitehydroxyzine (Atarax) can be prescribed for comfort |
| Keloids is | overgrowth of collagenous scar tissue at the site of a wound of the skin |
| Keloids common locations | sternum, neck, ears and arms |
| Keloids are treated with | radiation therapy and steroids |
| Angiomas develops | when a group of blood vessels dilate and form a tumorlike mass |
| Example of Angiomas is | birthmark such as the port wine birthmark |
| Treatment of Angiomas | electrolysis or radiation |
| Spider Angioma is associated with | liver disease |
| Verruca (wart)is | benigh, viral, warty skin lesion with a rough, papillomatous (nipplelike) growth occuring in many forms |
| Plantar warts | are on sole of the foot and are painful |
| Hand wart aka | common wart |
| Treatment of warts | cauterization, sold carbon dioxide, liquid nitorgen, salicylic acid |
| Nevi (Moles) aka | brithmarks |
| Basal cell carcinoma risk factors | frequent contact with ceratin chemicals, sun exposure, radioation therapy, fair skinned |
| Squamous cells carcinoma is common in | sun exposed areas |
| Malignat melanoma is | cancerous neoplasm in which pigment cells invade the epidermis, dermis and subcutanous tissues |
| where can malignant melanoma metastasize? | brain or heart |
| Malignant melanoma dx tests | biopsy, inspecion |
| malignant melanoma med. mng | surgical excision, chemotherapy, radiatoin |
| Alopecia means | loss of hair caused by aging, drugs anxiety and disease |
| Alopecia areata is | when your antibody destroys your hair |
| Tinea Capitis is | most common cause of hair loss (caused by superficial fungal infection) |
| Hypertrichosis means | excessive growth of hair in a masculine distribution |
| Hypotrichosis is | absence of hair or decrease in hair growth |
| Paronychia is | disorder of the nails (nails get soft and brittle and shape can change as they grow into the soft tissue) |
Created by:
Lidunka25
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