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Integumentary System
Medical, Surgical, and Diagnostic Procedures
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| chemical peel | chemical removal of the outer layers of the skin to treat acne scarring and general keratosis; also called chemabrasion |
| cryosurgery | use of subfreezing temperature (commonly liquid nitrogen) to destroy or eliminate abnormal tissue, such as tumors, warts, and unwanted, cancerous, or infected tissue |
| debridement | removal of necrotized tissue from a wound by surgical excision, enzymes, or chemical agents |
| dermabrasion | rubbing (abrasion) using wire brushes or sandpaper to mechanically scrape away (abrade) the epidermis |
| fulguration | tissue destruction by means of high-frequency electric current; also called electrodesiccation |
| photodynamic therapy (PDT) | procedure in which cells selectively treated with an agent called a photosensitizer are exposed to light to produce a reaction that destroys the cells |
| biopsy (Bx, bx) | representative tissue sample removed from a body site for microscopic examination |
| frozen section (FS) biopsy | ultrathin slice of tissue from a frozen specimen for immediate pathological examination |
| needle biopsy | removal of a small tissue sample for examination using a hollow needle, usually attached to a syringe |
| punch biopsy | removal of a small core of tissue using a hollow punch |
| shave biopsy | removal of elevated lesions using a surgical blade |
| Mohs | layers of cancer-containing skin are progressively removed and examined until only cancer-free tissue remains |
| skin graft | transplantation of healthy tissue to an injured site |
| allograft | transplantation of healthy tissue from one person to another person; also called homograft |
| autograft | transplantation of healthy tissue from one site to another site in the same individual |
| synthetic | transplantation of artificial skin produced from collagen fibers arranged in a lattice pattern |
| xenograft | transplantation (dermis only) from a foreign donor (usually a pig) and transferred to a human; also called heterograft |
| allergy skin test | any test in which a suspected allergen or sensitizer is applied to or injected into the skin to determine the patient's sensitivity to it |
| intradermal allergy test | skin test that identifies suspected allergens by subcutaneously injecting small amounts of extracts of the suspected allergens and observing the skin for a subsequent reaction |
| patch allergy test | skin test that identifies allergic contact dermatitis by applying a suspected allergen to a patch which is then taped on the skin, usually the forearm, and observing the area 24 hours later for an allergic response |
| scratch allergy test | skin test that identifies suspected allergens by placing a small quantity of the suspected allergen on a lightly scratched area of the skin, also called puncture or prick test |
| culture and sensitivity C&S) | laboratory test that grows a colony of bacteria removed from an infected area (such as an ulcer, wound, or pus from an infection) in order to identify the specific infecting bacterium and then determine its sensitivity to antibiotic drugs |
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