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Fluid & Electrolytes
Imbalances
Question | Answer |
---|---|
What are some causes of hypernatremia? | Excessive sodium intake. Excessive hypertonic IV solutions. Inadequate water intake. Excessive water loss. Diabetes insipidus, hyperaldosteronism, Cushing syndrome, uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. |
What are some causes of hyponatremia? | Excessive sodium loss. Inadequate sodium intake. Excessive water gain. Excessive hypotonic IV fluids. SIADH. |
What are some causes of hyperkalemia? | Excess potassium intake. Shift of potassium out of cells. Failure to eliminate potassium - renal disease, potassium sparing diuretics, adrenal insufficiency, ACE inhibitors, NSAIDS. |
What are some causes of hypokalemia? |