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HCTA Pharmacology Q5

HCTA/NESPN Pharmacology Quiz 5

QuestionAnswer
What tests are elevated with CHD? Elevated in CHD: Cholesterol, Trigylcerides, and LDL
What test is not elevated with CHD? Not Elevated in CHD: HDL
How Statins Work, and what they do? Statins: Inhibit Choesterol synth in liver. Decrease concentration of cholesterol and LDL while slightly increasing HDL.
Cholesterol Ranges? 150-200 (<200): Good, Moderate: 200-240, High: >240
Lab Tests for Statins? ALT, ALP, GGT (Serum Liver Enzyme Tests for Statins)
Nursing Assessment of PAD? Pallor, numb, Coldness, Pain, Intermit Claudication (pain & weakness of limbs when walking, but no symptoms at rest)
Periferal Vasoldilators are more effective in disorders resulting from? Peripheral Vasodilators work better for Vasospasm (Raynauld's Dz) than for Vessel Occusions/arteriosclerosis (Buerger's Dz)
Side Effects of Vasodilators? N&V, Dizziness, Syncope, Weakness, Tremors, Rash, Flush, Abdominal Distention, Chest Pain, Orthostatic Hypotension, HAs.
S.E.'s of Antihistamines & Anticholinergics? SEs Anti- Hist & Cholgc's: Drowsiness, Dry Mouth, Blurred Vision (Pupillary Dilation), Tachycardia (w/anticholinergic use), Constipation, **ContraIndicated w/Glaucoma**
When to take an AntiEmetic before travelling? 30 min before travelling take Antiemetics. Doesn't work well after vomiting has occured though.
Pt's w/ Diarrhea should not eat? For Diarrhea DO NOT eat Food rich in Fat & Milk.
Antiemetic Teaching points? Antiemetics: Store Light-Tight Containers, Avoid OTCs, No Etoh (Intensifies Sedation), Teratogenic in 1st Trimester, *SE Sore Throat, Fever, Mouth Sores; notifiy HC professional if SE occur and do CBC.
How much fluid to mix with bulk forming Laxatives? Mix bulk forming lax w/8-10 Oz. H2O, stir, drink stat, followed by one glass extra H2O. * Insuf H2O can lead to impaction
Pt w/Constipation (Advise)? Increase H2O 8x8Oz/d, don't take bulk form lax's dry, avoid over use (lytes imbal can occur & drug dependence), increase Exercise, Avoid Inhalation of Psyllium Dust (watery eyes/runny nose/wheezing may occur); D/C if N&V, Cramps, bleeding. Inc Fibers
Parathyroid regulates hormones to absorb what? Parathyroid secretes Parathormone (AKA: PTH) which regulates Calcium levels in Blood.
Which Organism causes peptic ulcers? H. Pylori (Gm Neg. Bacillus)
How do PPI's work? PPI's (Proton Pump Inhibitors): Omeprazole/Lansoprazole) suppress acid secretion by inhibiting enzyme H/K adenosine (ATPase) enzyme system located in gastric parietal cel. They tend to hinhibit gastric acid secretion by up to 90% greater then H2 blockers
PPIs used to treat? PPIs used to treat: GERD, Peptic Ulcers
PPI Drug Names? PPI's: Omeprazole (Prilosec); Lansoprazole (Prevacid) *txs Duodenal Ulcers/Erosive Esophagitis; Esomeprazole (Nexium), Pantoprazole (Protonix); Rabeprazole (Aciphex)
What is Hypersecretory syndrome called? Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome: tx'd w/ Omeprazole (Prilosec) & Rabeprazole (Aciphex)
What does Nexium (Esomeprazole) treat? Esomeprazole (Nexium) effective v. Erosive GERDs
Pt Teaching for Topical Opthalmic Anesthetics? Blink Reflex Temp Lost, Corneal Epithelium is not kept moists so, cover w/ Patch until effects wear off. *Do Not self-admin. * Rep Doses given under strict med supervision.
Dosing for Tetracyline for Acne? Tetracyline Tx ACNE dose: >12 yo = 250-500mg BID PO, Mild Acne 250mg PO QOD
The major SEs of Tetracycline? SE's of Tetracylines: Photosensativity (major)
Advising Pt's on Tetracyclines? Tetracyclines: May reduce effectiveness of Oral Contraceptives (Use Ad/Alt Protection), & increases clotting time w/Anticoagulants.
Created by: HCTA
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