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consists of the nasal cavities, paranasal sinuses, nasopharynx, oropharynx, and hypopharynx (epiglottis and larynx). Upper airway
Functionally these areas serve to warm the inspired air and to filter large particulate matter. Upper airway
consist of the trachea and its bronchial branches. Lower airway
Where does the trachea branches into the mainstem bronchi at the carnia
Communication between adjacent alveolar spaces is provided by the pores of Kohn.
represents the functional gas exchange area of the lung acinus
composed of a respiratory bronchiole and its branching structures. acinus
smallest discrete portion of lung bounded by fibrous septa a larger lobule
consists of a terminal bronchiole and its branching structures larger lobule
A lobule may contain _________ acini. 25-30
The pulmonary and bronchial arteries follow the airways
The pulmonary veins follow a course through connective tissue septa
Lymphatic channels are found where in the respiratory tract? pleura and connective tissue septa and extend down the tracheobronchial tree to the level of the terminal bronchiole.
Peripheral lymphatics drain to the hilar and paratracheal lymph nodes.
Large particulate matter > 10μ in size is filtered by nasal hairs or trapped in the oropharynx.
Smaller particles are trapped in the rich in bronchial mucous blanket or the bronchiolar watery secretions
What are bronchial mucous blanket & bronchiolar watery secretions made of? lysozyme and secretory IgA.
Particles that are 1-5μ in size are accessible to the terminal airways and alveoli where they are phagocytized by the alveolar macrophages.
How are the small 1-5u particles disposed of by the macrophages? migrate up the tracheobronchial tree or enter the interstitial space where they eventually can be carried off by lymphatics.
refers to the movement and distribution of air within the tracheobronchial system Ventilation
the movement of O2 and CO2 between the alveolar space and the capillary blood; diffusion
refers to the flow and distribution of blood within the pulmonary vascular bed perfusion
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