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Stack #158915

kilgore lvl1: Pharm 27 coagulation

QuestionAnswer
Anticoagulant Inhibit the action of formation of clotting factors and prevent clots from forming
Which are anticoagulant drugs? Warfarin, Enoxaparin (Lovenox), heparin also: lepirudin & argatroban
What is PTT and it's norms? PTT is partial thromboplastin time which measures heparin. >theraputic levels 1.5-2.5 times the normal control value, 21-35 (so btwn 52.5-87.5)
What is aPTT and it's norms? >activated partial thromboplastin time used measure heparin effectiviness. >therapeutic levels are 1.5-2.5 times the control value of 25-35. (so 37.5-87.5)
What is PT and it's norms? >prothrombin time; a measurement for warfarin effectiviness >therapeutic levels are 1.5 times the control time of 11-13 (so 16.5-19.5)
What is INR and it's norms? International normalized ratio measures warfarin effectiviness. >target levels are btwn 2-3.5
What is an antiplatelet drug? drugs that prevent platelet plugs from forming by inhibiting platelet aggregation
What are hemorrheologic drugs? a type of antiplatelet drug that inhibits platelet aggregation w/o preventing them from working
What are antifibrinolytic drugs? drugs that promote blood coagulation to help mgt of excessive bleeding conditions (also known as hemostatic drugs)
What are thrombolytic drugs? drugs that break down clots (Thrombi) that have already formed
What are LMWHs? Low Molecular weight heparin ie-enoxaparin (Lovenox)
what are symptoms indicating anticoagulant overdose or toxicity? hematuria, blood in stool, gum or mucous membrane bleeding stop heparin & warfarin IMMEDIATELY
What is protamine sulfate? Antidote to heparine overdose/toxicity
what is vitamin K used for? reversal of warfarin overdose/toxicity
Key facts of Warfarin >therapeutically measured by PT/INR >3-4 days of therapy to peak effectivelss
Key facts of Enoxaparin (Lovenox) LMWH, higher bioavailabiliyt & longer half-life than heparin
key facts on heparin >low dose is used in IV-flush for patency >non-synthetic source (cows & pigs)
key facts on aspirin >antiplatelet drug that interferes irreversibly with platelet enzyme formation
key facts on Clopidogrel antiplatelet drug that changes platelet membrane to prevent clotting/aggregation
key facts on eptifibatide antiplatelet drug that inhibits a receptor on the platelet's membrane to prevent clotting/aggresgation
key facts on aminocaproic acid antifibrinolytic (pro-clotting) used to prevent/control excessive bleeding from surgery
key facts on desmopressin antifibrinolytic (pro-clotting) used in mgt of hemophilia A
key facts on alteplase thrombolytic (clot-destroying) -faster acting than heparin following MI, but v. short half-life
key facts on streptokinase thrombolytic (clot-destroying) >made by group-A streptococci >systemic allergic reaction possible
Created by: gfcfnina
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