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Lympatic & Hematopoi
Med Surg
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Hematopoesis def | manufacture and development of blood cells |
| Leukocytosis vs leukopenia | leukocytosis - to many WBC; leukopenia - definency of WBC |
| Name the 4 blood types. Which is universal donor and which is universal recipient? | A,B,AB,O; O - universal donor; AB - universal recipient b/c A&B antigens are present and wont fight it |
| Name components of lymphatic system (4) | thymus, spleen, lymph nodes (glandular tissue), lymph fluid - similar to plasma in composition |
| What is the stilling test used for? | dx pernicious anemia, macrolytic anemia & malabsorption syndromes |
| Anemia def | deficiency of erthyrocytes & hemoglobin which reduces amt of oxygen carried to cells |
| Causes of anemia (3) | blood loss, inadequate erythrocyte production, destruction of normally formed RBC |
| Hypovolemic anemia | d/t blood loss' compromised cellular function. hemoglobin saturation >90% |
| Iron definency anemia | insufficient iron for hemoglobin production; reduced energy, rapid HR |
| Sickle Cell Anemia | hemoglobin S; inadequate O2 in blood hereditary, hypoxia, hemolytic anemia |
| Sickle cell crisis | vascular occulation that occurs under hypoxic conditions |
| Hemolytic Anemia | chronic premature and erythrocyte destruction - obstruction of RBC |
| Thalassemias Types | Alpha - asymptomatic; Beta-Cooleys anemia - sx of severe anemia; bronze skin - both hereditary |
| Pernicious Anemia | lack of intrinsic factor necessary for absorption of vitamin B12; degenerative changes in nervous system |
| Folic Acid Deficency Anemia | immature erythrocytes d/t vitamin B9 deficency |
| Erythrocytosis: Polycthemia vera | rapid proliferation of blood cells produced by the bone marrow - increase in circulating proliferites; life span shorter; increase in uric acid levels |
| Leukocytosis:Leukemia | proliferation of leukocytes - usually immature forms; precipitating factors; genetic correlation - increase in WBC; hereditary, viruses, radiation; infections increase; anemia |
| Multiple myeloma | malignancy involving plasma cells, osteoclasts break down cells, increase blood calcium; pathologic fracture; associated with aging - NKC; poor prognosis |
| Agranulocytosis | Drug toxicity, decrease in production of granulocytes and opposed to leukopenia - 6months-1yr |
| Pancytopenia - Aplastic anemia | autoimmune; exposure to toxic chemicals, radiation, and drug therapy - all marrow produced blood cells are reduced |
| Coagulopathies - thromboctyopenia | platelets; decreased manufacture or increased destruction |
| Coagulopathies - hemophilia | clotting factors inherited - mother to son |
| Lymphedema | impaired lymph circulation - primary and secondary. women more than men; repeated phlebitis |
| lymphangitis/lymphadenitis | strepococcal microorganisms |
| infectous mononucleosis | epstein-bar virus; direct contact-secretions |
| lymphoma's - hodgkins disease | reed-sternberg cells. malignancy that produces enlargement of lymphoid tissue, spleen & liver w/invasion of other tissues |
| non-hodgkins lymphomas | genetic link, environmental trigger, aggressive |
Created by:
breinard
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